Abstract Eukaryotic mRNA has a cap structure at the 5′ end and a poly(A) tail at the 3′ end. The cap and poly(A) tail form a complex with multiple translation factors, and mRNA forms a circularized structure called a closed-loop model. This circularized structure reportedly not only stabilizes mRNA but also promotes ribosome recycling during translation, which improves translation efficiency. We designed an artificial mRNA that forms a circularized structure without a cap structure and poly(A) tail and found that its translational efficiency was improved compared with that of a sequence without the circularized structure in a eukaryotic translation system.

中文翻译：

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真核系统中 mRNA 二级结构形成的翻译控制

摘要 真核mRNA 5'端为帽状结构，3'端为poly(A)尾。帽和poly(A)尾与多个翻译因子形成复合物，mRNA形成称为闭环模型的环状结构。据报道，这种环状结构不仅可以稳定 mRNA，还可以促进翻译过程中的核糖体循环，从而提高翻译效率。我们设计了一种人工 mRNA，该 mRNA 形成没有帽结构和 poly(A) 尾的环状结构，并发现与真核翻译系统中没有环状结构的序列相比，其翻译效率得到了提高。