The ability to regulate water movement is vital for the survival of cells and organisms. In addition to passively crossing lipid bilayers by diffusion, water transport is also driven across cell membranes by osmotic gradients through aquaporin water channels. There are 13 aquaporins in human tissues, and of these, aquaporin-2 (AQP2) is the most highly regulated water channel in the kidney: The expression and trafficking of AQP2 respond to body volume status and plasma osmolality via the antidiuretic hormone, vasopressin (VP). Dysfunctional VP signaling in renal epithelial cells contributes to disorders of water balance, and research initially focused on regulating the major cAMP/PKA pathway to normalize urine concentrating ability. With the discovery of novel and more complex signaling networks that regulate AQP2 trafficking, promising therapeutic targets have since been identified. Several strategies based on data from preclinical studies may ultimately translate to the care of patients with defective water homeostasis.

中文翻译：

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针对肾脏水通道的运输以获得治疗益处。

调节水运动的能力对于细胞和生物体的生存至关重要。除了通过扩散被动穿过脂质双层外，水传输还通过水通道蛋白水通道的渗透梯度驱动穿过细胞膜。人体组织中有 13 种水通道蛋白，其中，水通道蛋白 2 (AQP2) 是肾脏中调节最严密的水通道：AQP2 的表达和运输通过抗利尿激素加压素对体容量状态和血浆渗透压作出反应。副总裁）。肾上皮细胞中功能失调的 VP 信号传导导致水平衡紊乱，研究最初集中在调节主要 cAMP/PKA 通路以使尿液浓缩能力正常化。随着调节 AQP2 运输的新颖且更复杂的信号网络的发现，有希望的治疗靶标已经确定。基于临床前研究数据的几种策略可能最终转化为对水稳态缺陷患者的护理。