Histone methylation plays a fundamental role in the epigenetic regulation of gene expression driven by developmental and environmental cues in plants, including Arabidopsis. Histone methyltransferases and demethylases act as 'writers' and 'erasers' of methylation at lysine and/or arginine residues of core histones, respectively. A third group of proteins, the 'readers', recognize and interpret the methylation marks. Emerging evidence confirms the crucial roles of histone methylation in multiple biological processes throughout the plant life cycle. In this review, we summarize the regulatory mechanisms of lysine methylation, especially at histone H3 tails, and focus on the recent advances regarding the roles of lysine methylation in Arabidopsis development, from seed performance to reproductive development, and in callus formation.

中文翻译：

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组蛋白的故事：赖氨酸甲基化，拟南芥发育中的主角。

组蛋白甲基化在包括拟南芥在内的植物的发育和环境线索驱动的基因表达的表观遗传学调节中起着基本作用。组蛋白甲基转移酶和脱甲基酶分别充当核心组蛋白赖氨酸和/或精氨酸残基甲基化的“书写者”和“擦除者”。第三类蛋白质，即“阅读器”，识别并解释甲基化标记。越来越多的证据证实了组蛋白甲基化在整个植物生命周期的多个生物过程中的关键作用。在这篇综述中，我们总结了赖氨酸甲基化的调节机制，尤其是在组蛋白H3尾部，并重点关注了赖氨酸甲基化在拟南芥发育中的作用的最新进展，从种子性能到生殖发育，