Presummer, summer, and autumn bolls (PSB, SB and AB, respectively) in cotton are related to both maturity and yield. Therefore, studying their genetic basis is important for breeding purposes. In this study, we developed an association analysis panel consisting of 169 upland cotton accessions. The panel was phenotyped for PSB, SB and AB across four environments and genotyped using a Cotton SNP80K array. Single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with these three traits were identified by a genomewide association study. A total of 53,848 high-quality SNPs were screened, and 91 significant trait-associated SNPs were detected. Of the 91 SNPs 33 were associated with PSB, 21 with SB and 37 with AB. Three SNPs for PSB (TM10410, TM13158 and TM21762) and five for AB (TM13730, TM13733, TM13834, TM29666 and TM43214) were repeatedly detected in two environments or by two methods. These eight SNPs exhibited high phenotypic variation of more than 10%, thus allowing their use formarker-assisted selection. The candidate genes for target traits were also identified. These findings provide a theoretical basis for the improvement of early maturity and yield in cotton breeding programmes.

中文翻译：

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鉴定与陆地棉的夏，夏，秋铃相关的全基因组单核苷酸多态性。

棉花中的夏季铃，夏铃和秋铃（分别为PSB，SB和AB）与成熟度和产量相关。因此，研究它们的遗传基础对于育种目的很重要。在这项研究中，我们建立了由169个陆地棉种质组成的关联分析小组。在四个环境中对PSB，SB和AB的表型进行表型分析，并使用Cotton SNP80K阵列进行基因分型。通过全基因组关联研究确定了与这三个性状相关的单核苷酸多态性（SNP）。总共筛选了53848个高质量SNP，并检测到91个与性状相关的重要SNP。在91个SNP中，有33个与PSB相关，有21个与SB相关，有37个与AB相关。PSB（TM10410，TM13158和TM21762）的三个SNP，AB（TM13730，TM13733，TM13834，（TM29666和TM43214）在两种环境或两种方法中反复检测到。这八个SNP表现出超过10％的高表型变异，因此可用于标记辅助选择。还确定了目标性状的候选基因。这些发现为提高棉花育种计划的早期成熟度和产量提供了理论基础。