INTRODUCTION Hydrocephalus is a common complication of subarachnoid haemorrhage (SAH). As transmembrane water channels, aquaporins 1 and 4 (AQP1 and AQP4) are involved in the pathogenesis of hydrocephalus. We aimed to assess the association between the expressions of AQP1 and AQP4 and the severity and duration of hydrocephalus after SAH. MATERIAL AND METHODS A double haemorrhage model by injection of autologous blood into the cisterna magna was used to induce SAH in rats. Sham rats received the same procedures, but with the injection of normal saline. The SAH group was divided into the SAH with hydrocephalus group and SAH without hydrocephalus group after identifying hydrocephalus histologically. AQP1 and AQP4 in ventricle regions were detected by immunofluorescence, quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) and western blot. RESULTS Hydrocephalus was the most severe at day 3 after SAH. AQP1 and AQP4 mRNA and protein levels increased at day 1 and peaked at day 3. The SAH with hydrocephalus group had a higher expression of AQP1 and AQP4 than the SAH without hydrocephalus group. Higher AQP1 levels were found at the apical and basolateral membrane of the choroid plexus epithelium, while higher AQP4 levels were found in the ependymal cells. A positive correlation between the relative lateral ventricle area and the ratio of AQP1/AQP4 proteins was identified. CONCLUSIONS AQP1 and AQP4 are remarkably correlated with the severity of hydrocephalus induced by SAH. AQP1 and AQP4 are potential drug targets for developing therapeutic strategies against hydrocephalus.

中文翻译：

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蛛网膜下腔出血致脑积水大鼠水通道蛋白1和4的动态表达。

引言脑积水是蛛网膜下腔出血（SAH）的常见并发症。作为跨膜水通道，水通道蛋白1和4（AQP1和AQP4）参与了脑积水的发病机理。我们旨在评估SAH后AQP1和AQP4的表达与脑积水的严重程度和持续时间之间的关系。材料与方法采用通过向大水罐中注入自体血液的双重出血模型来诱导大鼠SAH。假大鼠接受相同的程序，但注射生理盐水。从组织学上鉴定脑积水后，将SAH组分为脑积水组和无脑积水组。通过免疫荧光，定量聚合酶链反应（qPCR）和western blot检测脑室区域的AQP1和AQP4。结果脑积水在SAH后第3天最严重。AQP1和AQP4的mRNA和蛋白水平在第1天升高，并在第3天达到峰值。与脑积水组相比，有脑积水组的SAH的AQP1和AQP4表达更高。在脉络丛上皮的顶膜和基底外侧膜发现较高的AQP1水平，而在室间隔膜细胞中发现较高的AQP4水平。相对的侧脑室面积和AQP1 / AQP4蛋白的比例之间呈正相关。结论AQP1和AQP4与SAH引起的脑积水的严重程度显着相关。AQP1和AQP4是开发针对脑积水的治疗策略的潜在药物靶标。AQP1和AQP4的mRNA和蛋白水平在第1天增加，并在第3天达到峰值。与无脑积水组相比，有脑积水组的SAH的AQP1和AQP4表达更高。在脉络丛上皮的顶膜和基底外侧膜发现较高的AQP1水平，而在室间隔膜细胞中发现较高的AQP4水平。相对的侧脑室面积和AQP1 / AQP4蛋白的比例之间呈正相关。结论AQP1和AQP4与SAH引起的脑积水的严重程度显着相关。AQP1和AQP4是开发针对脑积水的治疗策略的潜在药物靶标。AQP1和AQP4的mRNA和蛋白水平在第1天升高，并在第3天达到峰值。与脑积水组相比，有脑积水组的SAH的AQP1和AQP4表达更高。在脉络丛上皮的顶膜和基底外侧膜发现较高的AQP1水平，而在室间隔膜细胞中发现较高的AQP4水平。相对的侧脑室面积和AQP1 / AQP4蛋白的比例之间呈正相关。结论AQP1和AQP4与SAH引起的脑积水的严重程度显着相关。AQP1和AQP4是开发针对脑积水的治疗策略的潜在药物靶标。在脉络丛上皮的顶膜和基底外侧膜发现较高的AQP1水平，而在室间隔膜细胞中发现较高的AQP4水平。相对的侧脑室面积和AQP1 / AQP4蛋白的比例之间呈正相关。结论AQP1和AQP4与SAH引起的脑积水的严重程度显着相关。AQP1和AQP4是开发针对脑积水的治疗策略的潜在药物靶标。在脉络丛上皮的顶膜和基底外侧膜发现较高的AQP1水平，而在室间隔膜细胞中发现较高的AQP4水平。相对的侧脑室面积和AQP1 / AQP4蛋白的比例之间呈正相关。结论AQP1和AQP4与SAH引起的脑积水的严重程度显着相关。AQP1和AQP4是开发针对脑积水的治疗策略的潜在药物靶标。