When individuals experience empathy, they often seek to bolster others' well-being. But what do empathizers want others to feel? Though psychologists have studied empathy and prosociality for decades, this question has yet to be clearly addressed. This is because virtually all existing research focuses on cases in which improving others' well-being also comprises heightening their positive affect or decreasing their negative affect and helping them reach their own emotional goals. In this review, I argue that real-life empathic goals encompass a broader range-including sometimes worsening targets' affect or contravening their wishes in order to improve their well-being-that can be productively integrated into the framework of interpersonal emotion regulation (IER). I review the empathic IER spectrum in a number of contexts, including close relationships, professional caregiving, and group-based emotions. Integrating empathy and IER provides a synthetic and generative way to ask new questions about how social emotions produce prosocial actions.

中文翻译：

---

移情与人际情感调节相结合。

当个人经历移情时，他们通常会寻求增强他人的幸福感。但是，移情者希望别人有什么感觉？尽管心理学家已经研究了移情和亲社会现象数十年，但这个问题尚未得到明确解决。这是因为几乎所有现有的研究都集中在改善他人福祉的情况下，包括提高他们的积极影响或减少他们的消极影响，并帮助他们实现自己的情感目标。在这篇评论中，我认为现实生活中的共情目标涵盖了更广泛的范围，包括有时使目标恶化或影响其愿望以改善其幸福感的目标，这些目标可以有效地整合到人际情绪调节框架中）。我在许多情况下回顾了共情IER频谱，包括亲密关系，专业照料和基于小组的情绪。移情与IER的融合提供了一种综合的，生成的方式，可以提出有关社会情感如何产生亲社会行为的新问题。