Cell death is an invariant feature throughout our life span, starting with extensive scheduled cell death during morphogenesis and continuing with death under homeostasis in adult tissues. Additionally, cells become victims of accidental, unscheduled death following injury and infection. Cell death in each of these occasions triggers specific and specialized responses in the living cells that surround them or are attracted to the dying/dead cells. These responses sculpt tissues during morphogenesis, replenish lost cells in homeostasis to maintain tissue/system function, and repair damaged tissues after injury. Wherein lies the information that sets in motion the cascade of effector responses culminating in remodeling, renewal, or repair? Here, we attempt to provide a framework for thinking about cell death in terms of the specific effector responses that accompanies various modalities of cell death. We also propose an integrated threefold "cell death code" consisting of information intrinsic to the dying/dead cell, the surroundings of the dying cell, and the identity of the responder.

中文翻译：

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破解细胞死亡密码。

细胞死亡是我们整个生命周期中的一个不变特征，从形态发生过程中广泛的预定细胞死亡开始，到成人组织中稳态下的死亡。此外，细胞在受伤和感染后成为意外、计划外死亡的受害者。在每一种情况下，细胞死亡都会触发围绕它们的活细胞或被垂死/死细胞吸引的特定和专门的反应。这些反应在形态发生过程中塑造组织，补充体内平衡中丢失的细胞以维持组织/系统功能，并在损伤后修复受损组织。启动效应器反应的级联反应并最终导致重塑、更新或修复的信息在哪里？这里，我们试图提供一个框架，根据伴随各种细胞死亡方式的特定效应反应来思考细胞死亡。我们还提出了一个综合的三重“细胞死亡代码”，由垂死/死细胞固有的信息、垂死细胞的周围环境和响应者的身份组成。