Introduction: Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a multifactorial ailment associated with barrier breach and intense systemic inflammation. Several studies over the years have shown the complex interplay of a large number of factors in governing the progression and outcome of AD. In addition to the diverse types of AD resulting due to variation in the intrinsic mechanisms giving rise to AD such as single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), epigenetic alterations or transcriptional changes, extrinsic factors such as age, ancestry, ethnicity, immunological background of the subject, the interactions of the subject with environmental stimuli and existing microbiome in the periphery surrounding the subject account for further heterogeneity in the clinical manifestations of the disease.

Areas covered: Here we have selectively discussed transcriptional regulation of genes associated with skin lipid metabolism in the context of AD. Transcriptional control and transcriptomic changes are just one face of this multifaceted disease known to affect humans and a detailed study concerning those will enable us to develop targeted therapies to deal with the disease.

Expert opinion: Large-scale integration of different omics approaches (genomics, epigenomics, transcriptomics, lipidomics, proteomics, metabolomics, effect of exposome) will help identify the potential candidate gene(s) associated with the development of various endotypes of AD.

简介：特应性皮炎（AD）是与屏障破坏和严重的全身性炎症相关的多因素疾病。多年来的数项研究表明，许多因素在控制AD的进展和结果中具有复杂的相互作用。除了由于引起AD的内在机制变化（例如单核苷酸多态性（SNP），表观遗传学改变或转录变化），外在因素（例如受试者的年龄，血统，种族，免疫学背景）而导致的AD类型多样化之外因此，受试者与环境刺激物和受试者周围周围存在的微生物组之间的相互作用解释了该疾病临床表现的进一步异质性。

涵盖的领域：在这里，我们有选择地讨论了与AD背景下与皮肤脂质代谢相关的基因的转录调控。转录控制和转录组变化只是这种已知影响人类的多方面疾病的一面，有关这些疾病的详细研究将使我们能够开发针对性方法来治疗该疾病。

专家意见：不同的组学方法（基因组学，表观基因组学，转录组学，脂质组学，蛋白质组学，代谢组学，脂质体的作用）的大规模整合将有助于鉴定与各种内型AD的发展相关的潜在候选基因。