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Postnatal Exposure to Ethanol Increases Its Oral Acceptability to Adolescent Rats.
Chemical Senses ( IF 2.8 ) Pub Date : 2018-09-01 , DOI: 10.1093/chemse/bjy056
Joyce Tang 1 , Steven L Youngentob 2, 3 , John I Glendinning 1, 3
Affiliation  

The aversive flavor of ethanol limits intake by many consumers. We asked whether intermittent consumption of ethanol increases its oral acceptability, using rats as a model system. We focused on adolescent rats because they (like their human counterparts) have a higher risk for alcohol overconsumption than do adult rats following experience with the drug. We measured the impact of ethanol exposure on 1) the oral acceptability of ethanol and surrogates for its bitter (quinine) and sweet (sucrose) flavor components in brief-access lick tests and 2) responses of the glossopharyngeal (GL) taste nerve to oral stimulation with the same chemical stimuli. During the exposure period, the experimental rats had access to chow, water and 10% ethanol every other day for 16 days; the control rats had access to chow and water over the same time period. The experimental rats consumed 7-14 g/day of 10% ethanol across the exposure period. This ethanol consumption significantly increased the oral acceptability of 3%, 6% and 10% ethanol, but had no impact on the oral acceptability of quinine, sucrose or NaCl. The ethanol exposure also diminished responses of the GL nerve to oral stimulation with ethanol, but not quinine, sucrose or NaCl. Taken together, these findings indicate that ethanol consumption increases the oral acceptability of ethanol in adolescent rats and that this increased oral acceptability is mediated, at least in part, by an exposure-induced reduction in responsiveness of the peripheral taste system to ethanol per se, rather than its bitter and sweet flavor components.

中文翻译:

产后暴露于乙醇会增加其对青春期大鼠的口服可接受性。

乙醇的厌恶味道限制了许多消费者的摄入量。我们询问是否以大鼠为模型系统,间歇性地消费乙醇会增加其口服可接受性。我们专注于青春期大鼠,因为与使用该药物的成年大鼠相比,它们(像人类人类一样)比成年大鼠有更高的酒精过量消费风险。我们测量了乙醇暴露对以下因素的影响:1)在短暂访问的舔食试验中,乙醇及其替代品的苦味(奎宁)和甜味(蔗糖)的口服可接受性,以及2)舌咽(GL)味神经对口服的反应具有相同化学刺激的刺激。在暴露期间,实验大鼠每隔一天可获得食物,水和10%的乙醇,持续16天。对照大鼠在同一时间获得食物和水。在暴露期间,实验大鼠每天消耗7-14 g /天的7-14 g乙醇。这种乙醇消耗量显着提高了3%,6%和10%乙醇的口服可接受性,但对奎宁,蔗糖或NaCl的口服可接受性没有影响。乙醇暴露也减弱了GL神经对口服乙醇刺激的反应,但奎宁,蔗糖或NaCl却没有。综上所述,这些发现表明乙醇的摄入增加了青春期大鼠对乙醇的口服可接受性,并且这种增加的口服可接受性至少部分是由暴露引起的周围味觉系统对乙醇本身的反应性降低所介导的,而不是其苦味和甜味成分。这种乙醇消耗量显着提高了3%,6%和10%乙醇的口服可接受性,但对奎宁,蔗糖或NaCl的口服可接受性没有影响。乙醇暴露也减弱了GL神经对口服乙醇刺激的反应,但奎宁,蔗糖或NaCl却没有。综上所述,这些发现表明乙醇的摄入增加了青春期大鼠对乙醇的口服可接受性,并且这种增加的口服可接受性至少部分是由暴露引起的周围味觉系统对乙醇本身的反应性降低所介导的,而不是其苦味和甜味成分。这种乙醇消耗量显着提高了3%,6%和10%乙醇的口服可接受性,但对奎宁,蔗糖或NaCl的口服可接受性没有影响。乙醇暴露也减弱了GL神经对口服乙醇刺激的反应,但奎宁,蔗糖或NaCl却没有。综上所述,这些发现表明乙醇的摄入增加了青春期大鼠对乙醇的口服可接受性,并且这种增加的口服可接受性至少部分是由暴露引起的周围味觉系统对乙醇本身的反应性降低所介导的,而不是其苦味和甜味成分。乙醇暴露还减少了GL神经对口服乙醇刺激的反应,但奎宁,蔗糖或NaCl却没有。综上所述,这些发现表明乙醇的摄入增加了青春期大鼠对乙醇的口服可接受性,并且这种增加的口服可接受性至少部分是由暴露引起的周围味觉系统对乙醇本身的反应性降低所介导的,而不是其苦味和甜味成分。乙醇暴露还减少了GL神经对口服乙醇刺激的反应,但奎宁,蔗糖或NaCl却没有。综上所述,这些发现表明乙醇的摄入增加了青春期大鼠对乙醇的口服可接受性,并且这种增加的口服可接受性至少部分是由暴露引起的周围味觉系统对乙醇本身的反应性降低所介导的,而不是其苦味和甜味成分。
更新日期:2019-11-01
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