ABSTRACT People possess significant knowledge about how real-world events typically unfold. Such event-related semantic memory connects action and object knowledge, is essential for multiple stages of language processing, and may be impaired in neurological conditions like aphasia. However, current assessments are not well designed for measuring this knowledge. This study presents and tests a novel measure of event-related semantic memory. Task-performance data were collected from unimpaired adults across the lifespan and a sample of stroke survivors with aphasia. Individuals with aphasia also completed measures of language processing and action-/object-related semantic memory, to establish the novel measure's convergent validity. Results demonstrate that performance on the event-knowledge measure correlated with action and object semantic-memory measures and was also associated with a broader range of language-processing performance than other semantic-memory measures. These findings suggest that the novel measure can be used to detect the presence and impact of event-knowledge impairments in neurological conditions.

中文翻译：

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对象、动作和事件的语义记忆：与事件相关的概念语义知识的新颖测试


摘要 人们对现实世界事件通常如何展开拥有丰富的知识。这种与事件相关的语义记忆将动作和物体知识联系起来，对于语言处理的多个阶段至关重要，并且可能在失语症等神经系统疾病中受损。然而，当前的评估并没有很好地设计来衡量这些知识。这项研究提出并测试了一种与事件相关的语义记忆的新方法。任务表现数据是从整个生命周期中未受损的成年人和患有失语症的中风幸存者样本中收集的。失语症患者还完成了语言处理和动作/物体相关语义记忆的测量，以建立新测量的聚合有效性。结果表明，事件知识测量的表现与动作和对象语义记忆测量相关，并且与其他语义记忆测量相比，还与更广泛的语言处理性能相关。这些发现表明，新的测量方法可用于检测神经系统疾病中事件知识损伤的存在及其影响。