Condensation is a fundamental property of mitotic chromosomes in eukaryotic cells. However, analyzing chromosome condensation in yeast is a challenging task while existing methods have notable weaknesses. Second-harmonic generation (SHG) microscopy is a label-free, advanced imaging technique for measuring the surface curve of isotropic molecules such as chromatin in live cells. We applied this method to detect changes in chromatin organization throughout the cell cycle in live yeast cells. We showed that SHG microscopy can be used to identify changes in chromatin organization throughout the cell cycle and in response to inactivation of the SMC complexes, cohesin and condensin. Implementation of this method will improve our ability to analyze chromatin structure in protozoa and will enhance our understanding of chromatin organization in eukaryotic cells.

中文翻译：

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通过二次谐波显微镜分析酵母中的染色体浓缩。

凝聚是真核细胞中有丝分裂染色体的基本特性。但是，分析酵母中的染色体浓缩是一项艰巨的任务，而现有方法存在明显的缺点。二次谐波（SHG）显微镜是一种无标记的先进成像技术，用于测量活细胞中各向同性分子（例如染色质）的表面曲线。我们应用了这种方法来检测整个细胞周期在活酵母细胞中染色质组织的变化。我们表明，SHG显微镜可用于识别整个细胞周期中染色质组织的变化，以及对SMC复合物，黏附素和凝缩素失活的反应。