Currently, the relevance of EEG measurements in acute stroke patients is considered low in clinical practice. However, recent studies on the predictive value of EEG measurements after stroke for various outcomes may increase the role of EEG in patients with stroke. We aimed to review the current literature on the utility of EEG measurements after stroke as a tool to predict outcome and complications, focusing on studies in which the EEG measurement was performed in the acute phase after the event and in which long-term outcome measures were reported. In our literature review, we identified 4 different outcome measures (functional outcome, mortality, development of post-stroke cognitive decline, and development of post-stroke epilepsy) where studies on the utility of acute EEG measurements exist. There is a large body of evidence for the prediction of functional outcome, in which a multitude of associated quantitative and qualitative EEG parameters are described. In contrast, only few studies focus on mortality as outcome parameter. We found studies of high methodical quality on the prediction of post-stroke cognitive decline, though the number of patients in these studies often was small. The role of EEG as a prediction tool for seizures and epilepsy after stroke could increase after a recently published study, especially if its result can be incorporated into already existing post-stroke epilepsy prediction tools. In summary, EEG is useful for the prediction of functional outcome, mortality, development of post-stroke cognitive decline and epilepsy, even though there is a discrepancy between the large amount of studies on EEG in acute stroke patients and its underuse in clinical practice.

中文翻译：

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定量和定性脑电图作为急性卒中患者预后和并发症的预测工具

目前，在临床实践中，脑电图测量在急性中风患者中的相关性被认为很低。然而，最近关于脑卒中后脑电图测量对各种结果的预测价值的研究可能会增加脑电图在脑卒中患者中的作用。我们旨在回顾有关脑卒中后脑电图测量作为预测结果和并发症工具的实用性的现有文献，重点关注在事件发生后的急性期进行脑电图测量和长期结果测量的研究。报道。在我们的文献综述中，我们确定了 4 种不同的结果指标（功能结果、死亡率、中风后认知能力下降的发展和中风后癫痫的发展），其中存在关于急性 EEG 测量效用的研究。有大量证据可用于预测功能结果，其中描述了大量相关的定量和定性 EEG 参数。相比之下，只有少数研究将死亡率作为结果参数。我们发现在预测中风后认知能力下降方面的研究有条不紊，尽管这些研究中的患者数量通常很少。在最近发表的一项研究之后，脑电图作为中风后癫痫发作和癫痫预测工具的作用可能会增加，特别是如果其结果可以纳入现有的中风后癫痫预测工具中。总之，脑电图可用于预测功能结果、死亡率、中风后认知能力下降和癫痫的发展，