Bays in coastal upwelling regions are physically driven and biochemically fueled by their interaction with open coastal waters. Wind-driven flow over the shelf imposes a circulation in the bay, which is also influenced by local wind stress and thermal bay-ocean density differences. Three types of bays are recognized based on the degree of exposure to coastal currents and winds (wide-open bays, square bays, and elongated bays), and the characteristic circulation and stratification patterns of each type are described. Retention of upwelled waters in bays allows for dense phytoplankton blooms that support productive bay ecosystems. Retention is also important for the accumulation of larvae, which accounts for high recruitment in bays. In addition, bays are coupled to the shelf ecosystem through export of plankton-rich waters during relaxation events. Ocean acidification and deoxygenation are a concern in bays because local extrema can develop beneath strong stratification.

中文翻译：

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上升流湾：沿海上升流如何控制海湾的环流，生境和生产力。

沿海上升流地区的海湾通过与沿海开放水域的相互作用而受到物理驱动和生物化学作用。架子上的风驱动气流在海湾中形成了一个环流，这也受到局部风应力和热海湾海洋密度差的影响。根据对沿海海流和风的暴露程度，可以识别出三种类型的海湾（大开海湾，方海湾和拉长海湾），并描述了每种类型的特征性环流和分层模式。保留海湾中上升流的水域可产生致密的浮游植物水华，从而支持生产性海湾生态系统。保留对于幼虫的积累也很重要，因为幼虫在海湾中占较高的比例。此外，海湾在松弛事件期间通过出口富含浮游生物的水域而与陆架生态系统耦合。