Contrast‐enhanced ultrasound is an imaging technique that can be used to quantify microvascular blood volume and blood flow of vital organs in humans. It relies on the use of microbubble contrast agents and ultrasound‐based imaging of microbubbles. Over the past decades, both ultrasound contrast agents and experimental techniques to image them have rapidly improved, as did experience among investigators and clinicians. However, these improvements have not yet resulted in uniform guidelines for CEUS when it comes to quantification of tissue perfusion in humans, preventing its uniform and widespread use in research settings. The objective of this review is to provide a methodological overview of CEUS and its development, the influences of hardware and software settings, type and dosage of ultrasound contrast agent, and method of analysis on CEUS‐derived perfusion data. Furthermore, we will discuss organ‐specific imaging challenges, advantages, and limitations of CEUS.

中文翻译：

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对比增强超声，用于定量人体组织灌注。

对比增强超声是一种成像技术，可用于量化人体微血管血容量和重要器官的血流量。它依赖于使用微泡造影剂和基于超声的微泡成像。在过去的几十年中，超声造影剂和使它们成像的实验技术都得到了迅速改善，研究人员和临床医生的经验也是如此。但是，这些改进尚未为CEUS量化人体组织灌注提供统一的指导方针，从而阻碍了CEUS在研究环境中的统一和广泛使用。这篇综述的目的是提供CEUS及其发展，硬件和软件设置的影响，超声造影剂的类型和剂量的方法学概述，CEUS灌注数据的分析方法。此外，我们将讨论CEUS特定器官的成像挑战，优势和局限性。