In the present study, the possible mechanisms by which interferon (IFN)-gamma affects pregnancy were investigated using the cytokine network model. The IFN-gamma-induced expression of interleukin (IL)-1beta was examined using western blotting, immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence. The results showed that IFN-gamma treatment significantly decreased the expression of uterine IL-1beta protein during the preimplantation, post-implantation and mid-gestation periods. The expression of IL-1beta protein was increased after IFN-gamma treatment compared with the control group in late pregnancy. In the placenta, IL-1beta protein levels were significantly increased after IFN-gamma treatment in early and mid-pregnancy. In late pregnancy, IFN-gamma treatment significantly decreased placental IL-1beta protein levels. IL-1beta was mainly expressed in the myometrium, uterine arteries, decidua basalis, trophospongium of the junctional layer and trophoblastic epithelium of the labyrinthine layers. IL-1beta was mainly located in the cytoplasm of in vitro cultured endometrial stromal cells (ESCs). IFN-gamma treatment did not affect the distribution of IL-1beta, only the expression of IL-1beta. The effects of IFN-gamma on the proliferation of ESCs were determined using an MTS (a novel tetrazolium compound) assay. IFN-gamma treatment inhibited the proliferation of ESCs and decreased the weight of the fetus and placenta. These results indicate that exogenous IFN-gamma affects the expression of IL-1beta and inhibits ESC proliferation.

中文翻译：

---

干扰素-γ处理对妊娠大鼠母胎界面白细胞介素-1β表达的影响。

在本研究中，使用细胞因子网络模型研究了干扰素（IFN）-γ影响怀孕的可能机制。使用western印迹，免疫组化和免疫荧光检查了IFN-γ诱导的白介素（IL）-1beta表达。结果表明，在植入前，植入后和妊娠中期，IFN-γ处理显着降低了子宫IL-1beta蛋白的表达。妊娠晚期，与对照组相比，IFN-γ治疗后IL-1β蛋白的表达增加。在胎盘中，妊娠早期和中期，IFN-γ治疗后IL-1β蛋白水平显着升高。在妊娠晚期，IFN-γ治疗可显着降低胎盘IL-1β蛋白水平。IL-1β主要表达于子宫肌层，子宫动脉，基底蜕膜，连接层的滋养层和迷宫素层的滋养层上皮。IL-1beta主要位于体外培养的子宫内膜基质细胞（ESCs）的细胞质中。IFN-γ处理不影响IL-1beta的分布，仅影响IL-1beta的表达。使用MTS（新型四唑化合物）测定法确定IFN-γ对ESC增殖的影响。IFN-γ处理可抑制ESC的增殖，并减轻胎儿和胎盘的重量。这些结果表明，外源性IFN-γ影响IL-1β的表达并抑制ESC增殖。连接层的滋养层和迷宫素层的滋养层上皮。IL-1beta主要位于体外培养的子宫内膜基质细胞（ESCs）的细胞质中。IFN-γ处理不影响IL-1beta的分布，仅影响IL-1beta的表达。使用MTS（新型四唑化合物）测定法确定IFN-γ对ESC增殖的影响。IFN-γ处理可抑制ESC的增殖，并减轻胎儿和胎盘的重量。这些结果表明，外源性IFN-γ影响IL-1β的表达并抑制ESC增殖。连接层的滋养层和迷宫素层的滋养层上皮。IL-1beta主要位于体外培养的子宫内膜基质细胞（ESCs）的细胞质中。IFN-γ处理不影响IL-1beta的分布，仅影响IL-1beta的表达。使用MTS（新型四唑化合物）测定法确定IFN-γ对ESC增殖的影响。IFN-γ处理可抑制ESC的增殖，并减轻胎儿和胎盘的重量。这些结果表明，外源性IFN-γ影响IL-1β的表达并抑制ESC增殖。使用MTS（新型四唑化合物）测定法确定IFN-γ对ESC增殖的影响。IFN-γ处理可抑制ESC的增殖，并减轻胎儿和胎盘的重量。这些结果表明，外源性IFN-γ影响IL-1β的表达并抑制ESC增殖。使用MTS（新型四唑化合物）测定法确定IFN-γ对ESC增殖的影响。IFN-γ处理可抑制ESC的增殖，并减轻胎儿和胎盘的重量。这些结果表明，外源性IFN-γ影响IL-1β的表达并抑制ESC增殖。