Previous experience with a voice can help listeners understand speech when a competing talker is present. Using the coordinate-response measure task (Bolia, Nelson, Ericson, & Simpson, 2000), Johnsrude et al. (2013) demonstrated that speech is more intelligible when either the target or competing (masking) talker is a long-term spouse than when both talkers are unfamiliar (termed familiar-target and familiar-masker benefits, respectively). To better understand how familiarity improves intelligibility, we measured the familiar-target and familiar-masker benefits in older and younger spouses using a more challenging matrix task, and compared the benefits listeners gain from spouses' and friends' voices. On each trial, participants heard two sentences from the Boston University Gerald (Kidd, Best, & Mason, 2008) corpus (" ") and reported words from the sentence beginning with a target name word. A familiar-masker benefit was not observed, but all groups showed a robust familiar-target benefit and its magnitude did not differ between spouses and friends. The familiar-target benefit was not influenced by relationship length (in the range of 1.5-52 years). Together, these results imply that the familiar-target benefit can develop from various types of relationships and has already reached a plateau around 1.5 years after meeting a new friend. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2020 APA, all rights reserved).

中文翻译：

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听到熟悉的声音对语音清晰度的好处。

以前有声音的经验可以帮助聆听者在有竞争者说话的情况下理解语音。Johnsrude等人使用坐标响应测量任务（Bolia，Nelson，Ericson和Simpson，2000年）。（2013）证明，与目标说话人或竞争（掩盖）说话者是长期配偶相比，讲话者的口语要比两个说话者都不熟悉（分别称为熟悉目标和熟悉掩蔽者的好处）时的语音更易懂。为了更好地了解熟悉度如何提高可懂度，我们使用更具挑战性的矩阵任务来衡量年龄较大和较年轻的配偶的熟悉对象和掩饰者的好处，并比较了听众从配偶和朋友的声音中获得的好处。在每次审判中，参与者都听到了波士顿大学杰拉尔德（Kidd，Best，＆Mason，2008）语料库（“ “），并从句子中报告单词，并以目标名称单词开头。未观察到熟悉-掩盖者的好处，但是所有组均显示出强大的熟悉-目标者利益，其大小在配偶和朋友之间也没有差异。不受关系长度的影响（在1.5-52年之间），这些结果共同表明，熟悉目标的利益可以从各种类型的关系中获得，并且在结识新朋友后约1.5年就达到了平稳状态。 （PsycInfo数据库记录（c）2020 APA，保留所有权利）。