The utilization of molecular tools for the certification of fishery products has been increasing over the last years. In general, economically important species are replaced by less valuable species, characterizing a commercial fraud. We evaluated the authenticity of 107 frozen fillets tagged as Gurijuba (Sciades parkeri) and Uritinga (Sciades proops) from local markets in northern amazon coast by sequencing two mitochondrial genes: Cytochrome oxidase subunit I and cytochrome b (Cyt b). About 16% of fillets putatively related to S. parkeri were replaced by S. proops. The Gurijuba faces high fishing pressure, being currently listed by the International Union for Conservation of Nature as vulnerable. Forensic analysis with DNA markers, proved to be highly efficient in the discrimination of the processed seafood products, providing unequivocal identification of species, revealing commercial fraud in the fillets of the Gurijuba, and revealing the utility of Cytb sequences as barcode in fishes.

在过去的几年中，用于渔业产品认证的分子工具的使用一直在增加。通常，经济上重要的物种被价值较低的物种所取代，这是商业欺诈的特征。我们通过测序两个线粒体基因：细胞色素氧化酶亚基I和细胞色素b（Cyt b），评估了来自亚马逊北部海岸本地市场的107个冷冻鱼片的真实性，这些鱼片分别标记为Gurijuba（Sciades parkeri）和Uritinga（Sciades proops）。假定与S. parkeri相关的鱼片约有16％被S. proops所取代。Gurijuba面临着巨大的捕鱼压力，目前被国际自然保护联盟列为脆弱人群。使用DNA标记进行的法医分析在区分加工的海鲜产品方面非常有效，可提供明确的物种识别，揭示了古里朱巴鱼片的商业欺诈行为，并揭示了Cytb序列作为鱼类中条形码的用途。