This review delineates core components of the social media ecosystem, specifying how online platforms complicate established social psychological effects. We assess four pairs of social media elements and effects: profiles and self-presentation; networks and social mobilization; streams and social comparison; and messages and social connectedness. In the process, we describe features and affordances that comprise each element, underscoring the complexity of social media contexts as they shift to a central topic within psychology. Reflecting on this transitional state, we discuss how researchers will struggle to replicate the effects of dynamic social environments. Consequently, we outline the obstacles in isolating effects that reoccur across platforms, as well as the challenges and opportunities that come with measuring contexts across periods. By centering on the elements that define the online ecosystem, psychological research can establish a more durable foundation for replicating the effects of social media and chronicling the evolution of social interaction.

中文翻译：

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社交媒体元素，生态学和效果。

这篇评论描述了社交媒体生态系统的核心组成部分，详细说明了在线平台如何使既定的社会心理影响复杂化。我们评估了四对社交媒体元素和效果：个人资料和自我展示；网络和社会动员；流和社会比较；信息和社交联系。在此过程中，我们描述了构成每个要素的功能和能力，强调了社交媒体环境在转向心理学的中心话题时的复杂性。反思这种过渡状态，我们讨论了研究人员将如何努力复制动态社会环境的影响。因此，我们概述了隔离跨平台再次出现的影响所面临的障碍，以及跨时期测量环境所带来的挑战和机遇。