BACKGROUND Human parechovirus (PeV) and enterovirus are important pathogens that cause viral infection and aseptic meningitis in young children. We aimed to investigate the rate of HPeV and enterovirus detection, and to characterize cytokine profiles in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of young infants with sepsis-like illness or meningitis/encephalitis. STUDY DESIGN This was a prospective cohort study. CSF samples were collected from 90 infants less than 1 year of age. PeV and enterovirus detection was performed using reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. Fifteen cytokines in the CSF were measured simultaneously by using multiplex immunoassays. RESULTS PeV (PeV-group) and enterovirus (EV-group) were detected in 10 (11.1%) and 12 (13.3%) CSF samples, respectively. Other aseptic meningitis (AM-group) was diagnosed in 22 (24.4%) patients. Forty-six (51.1%) patients exhibited non-central nervous system infection (Ngroup). The PeV-group had the lowest CSF leukocyte (2.1 ± 3.5/mm3, p=0.022) and blood leukocyte (7,953 ± 4,583/mm3, p=0.046) count and Creactive protein levels (0.2 ± 0.1 mg/dL, p=0.036), than did those in the EV- and AM-groups. CSF leukocyte count and protein levels were not significantly different between the PeV- and N-groups. The levels of interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-5, IL-6, IL-12, and IL-17 were higher in the EVgroup; conversely, IL-2, IL-4, IL-7, and IL-13 were higher in the PeVgroup. CONCLUSIONS Examinations to detect PeV in the CSF may help identify the etiological basis of undiagnosed febrile illness in young children. Significant differences in CSF and blood laboratory findings were observed between PeV- and enterovirus-infected children.

中文翻译：

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脓毒症样疾病不到一年的年幼儿童脑脊液中人副病毒和细胞因子的前瞻性研究：与肠病毒的比较。

背景技术人副病毒（PeV）和肠病毒是引起幼儿病毒感染和无菌性脑膜炎的重要病原体。我们的目的是调查HPeV和肠病毒的检出率，并表征败血症样疾病或脑膜炎/脑炎的婴儿脑脊液（CSF）中的细胞因子谱。研究设计这是一项前瞻性队列研究。CSF样本是从90个小于1岁的婴儿中收集的。使用逆转录聚合酶链反应进行PeV和肠道病毒检测。通过使用多重免疫测定法同时测量了CSF中的15种细胞因子。结果分别在10份（11.1％）和12份（13.3％）CSF样本中检测到了PeV（PeV组）和肠病毒（EV组）。在22名（24.4％）患者中诊断出其他无菌性脑膜炎（AM组）。四十六（51.1％）名患者表现出非中枢神经系统感染（Ngroup）。PeV组的CSF白细胞（2.1±3.5 / mm3，p = 0.022）和血液白细胞（7,953±4,583 / mm3，p = 0.046）最低，而活性蛋白水平（0.2±0.1 mg / dL，p = 0.036） ），而不是EV和AM组。PeV组和N组之间的CSF白细胞计数和蛋白质水平无明显差异。EV组白细胞介素（IL）-1β，IL-5，IL-6，IL-12和IL-17的水平较高; 相反，PeV组中IL-2，IL-4，IL-7和IL-13较高。结论检查脑脊液中的PeV可能有助于确定未诊断的发热性疾病的病因基础。在PeV和肠道病毒感染的儿童之间观察到CSF和血液实验室检查结果存在显着差异。1％）患者表现出非中枢神经系统感染（Ngroup）。PeV组的CSF白细胞（2.1±3.5 / mm3，p = 0.022）和血液白细胞（7,953±4,583 / mm3，p = 0.046）最低，而活性蛋白水平（0.2±0.1 mg / dL，p = 0.036） ），而不是EV和AM组。PeV组和N组之间的CSF白细胞计数和蛋白质水平无明显差异。EV组白细胞介素（IL）-1β，IL-5，IL-6，IL-12和IL-17的水平较高; 相反，PeV组中IL-2，IL-4，IL-7和IL-13较高。结论检查脑脊液中的PeV可能有助于确定未诊断的发热性疾病的病因基础。在PeV和肠道病毒感染的儿童之间观察到CSF和血液实验室检查结果存在显着差异。1％）患者表现出非中枢神经系统感染（Ngroup）。PeV组的CSF白细胞（2.1±3.5 / mm3，p = 0.022）和血液白细胞（7,953±4,583 / mm3，p = 0.046）最低，而活性蛋白水平（0.2±0.1 mg / dL，p = 0.036） ），而不是EV和AM组。PeV组和N组之间的CSF白细胞计数和蛋白质水平无明显差异。EV组白细胞介素（IL）-1β，IL-5，IL-6，IL-12和IL-17的水平较高; 相反，PeV组中IL-2，IL-4，IL-7和IL-13较高。结论检查脑脊液中的PeV可能有助于确定未诊断的发热性疾病的病因基础。在PeV和肠道病毒感染的儿童之间观察到CSF和血液实验室检查结果存在显着差异。