Extracellular matrix (ECM) materials have had remarkable success as scaffolds in tissue engineering (TE) and as therapies for tissue injury whereby the ECM microenvironment promotes constructive remodeling and tissue regeneration. ECM powder and solubilized derivatives thereof have novel applications in TE and RM afforded by the capacity of these constructs to be dynamically modulated. The powder form allows for effective incorporation and penetration of reagents; hence, ECM powder is an efficacious platform for 3D cell culture and vehicle for small molecule delivery. ECM powder offers minimally invasive therapy for tissue injury and successfully treatment for wounds refractory to first-line therapies. Comminution of ECM and fabrication of powder-derived constructs, however, may compromise the biological integrity of the ECM. The current lack of optimized fabrication protocols prevents a more extensive and effective clinical application of ECM powders. Further study on methods of ECM powder fabrication and modification is needed.

细胞外基质 (ECM) 材料作为组织工程 (TE) 中的支架和作为组织损伤的疗法取得了显着的成功，ECM 微环境由此促进建设性重塑和组织再生。ECM 粉末及其溶解的衍生物在 TE 和 RM 中具有新的应用，这些应用具有动态调节的这些构造的能力。粉末形式允许有效地掺入和渗透试剂；因此，ECM 粉末是 3D 细胞培养的有效平台和小分子递送载体。ECM 粉末为组织损伤提供微创治疗，并成功治疗一线疗法难以治愈的伤口。然而，ECM 的粉碎和粉末衍生结构的制造可能会损害 ECM 的生物完整性。目前缺乏优化的制造协议阻碍了 ECM 粉末的更广泛和有效的临床应用。需要进一步研究 ECM 粉末的制备和改性方法。