Background: Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is an important clinical problem for premature infants. Previously, some biomarkers associated with severity of BPD have been studied. In our study, we aimed to investigate the value of interleukin-33 (IL-33) levels as a new biomarker in the follow-up of BPD severity and response to treatment. Materials and Methods: Premature infants of <32 weeks of gestational age and birth weight <1,500 g were included in the study. Infants with BPD were divided into moderate and severe BPD groups. Infants without BPD were assigned as the control group. Cord blood samples were taken from both groups immediately after birth. In addition, blood samples were obtained at the time of diagnosis of BPD and after the end of hydrocortisone (HC) treatment to measure IL-33 values in the serum. Results: During the study period, a total of 192 infants were eligible: 96 infants in the BPD group and 96 in the control group. Cord IL-33 values were similar between control (1.29 ± 0.68 pg/mL) and BPD (moderate/severe) (1.31 ± 0.84 pg/mL) groups (P = 0.813). The levels of IL-33 were higher in BPD group (3.43 ± 0.98 pg/mL) than in the control group (0.98 ± 0.51 pg/mL) (P < 0.001). IL-33 values decreased significantly after HC treatment (pretreatment: 3.43 ± 0.98 pg/mL versus post-treatment: 2.97 ± 0.28 pg/mL) (P < 0.001). In addition, IL-33 levels were significantly higher in severe BPD (3.91 ± 1.22 pg/mL) than in moderate BPD (2.82 ± 0.74) group (P < 0.001). Conclusions: Although the IL-33 level was not predictive of the development of BPD immediately after birth, it may be used as a new biomarker to diagnose, monitor, and follow the response to treatment of BPD.

中文翻译：

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极低出生体重儿支气管肺发育不良严重程度的新型诊断标志物：白介素33。

背景：支气管肺发育不良（BPD）是早产儿的重要临床问题。以前，已经研究了一些与BPD严重程度有关的生物标志物。在我们的研究中，我们旨在研究白介素33（IL-33）水平作为BPD严重程度随访和治疗反应的新生物标志物的价值。材料和方法：胎龄＜32周，出生体重＜1500g的早产婴儿被纳入研究。BPD婴儿分为中度和重度BPD组。没有BPD的婴儿被指定为对照组。出生后立即从两组中采集脐带血样本。此外，在诊断为BPD时和氢化可的松（HC）治疗结束后，采集血样以测量血清中的IL-33值。结果：在研究期间，总共有192名婴儿符合条件：BPD组中的96名婴儿和对照组中的96名婴儿。对照组（1.29±0.68 pg / mL）和BPD（中度/重度）（1.31±0.84 pg / mL）组之间的脐带IL-33值相似（P = 0.813）。BPD组的IL-33水平（3.43±0.98 pg / mL）高于对照组（0.98±0.51 pg / mL）（P <0.001）。HC治疗后，IL-33值显着下降（预处理：3.43±0.98 pg / mL，而治疗后：2.97±0.28 pg / mL）（P <0.001）。此外，严重BPD（3.91±1.22 pg / mL）中的IL-33水平显着高于中度BPD（2.82±0.74）组（P <0.001）。结论：尽管IL-33水平不能预示出生后BPD的发展，但它可以用作诊断，监测，治疗和预防BPD的新生物标记。