A novel biosorbent was prepared by the surface modification of Zostera marina L. bioresidues and used for the removal of model synthetic dye, methylene blue from aqueous medium in this study. Taguchi design of experiment (DoE) methodology was employed to investigate the influence of significant operational parameters (reaction time, pH of medium and dye concentration) on the biosorption process and to develop a mathematical model for the estimation of biosorption potential of biosorbent. The percentage contribution of each of these process variables on the dye biosorption was found to be 9.03%, 1.95% and 88.84%, respectively. The dye biosorption capacity under the obtained optimum environmental conditions (reaction time of 120 min, pH of 8 and dye concentration of 15 mg L-1) was estimated to be 140.154 mg g-1 (R2: 99.83). This value was very close to the experimentally obtained dye removal performance value (140.299 mg g-1). These findings indicated the high ability of Taguchi DoE technique in the optimization and simulation of dye biosorption system. The kinetic and equilibrium modeling studies showed that the pseudo-second-order and Langmuir models were the best models for the elucidation of dye removal behavior of biosorbent. Besides, the performance of dye decontamination system was evaluated using the pseudo-second-order kinetic parameters. The thermodynamic analyses displayed that the dye biosorption was a feasible, spontaneous and exothermic process. For large scale dye purification applications, a single-stage batch biosorption system was also designed using the mathematical modeling data. All these results revealed that Z. marina L. bioresidues could be used as a promising alternative biosorbent material for the effective and eco-friendly dye biosorption systems.

中文翻译：

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一种低成本，环保的生物吸附剂材料，可有效地从水生环境中去除合成染料：表征，优化，动力学，等温线和热力学研究。

通过对滨海带菌生物残基的表面改性制备了一种新型生物吸附剂，并用于本研究中从水性介质中去除模型合成染料亚甲基蓝。Taguchi设计了实验（DoE）方法，以研究重要的操作参数（反应时间，介质的pH值和染料浓度）对生物吸附过程的影响，并开发了一个数学模型来估算生物吸附剂的生物吸附潜力。发现这些工艺变量中的每一个对染料生物吸附的百分比贡献分别为9.03％，1.95％和88.84％。在获得的最佳环境条件下（反应时间为120分钟，pH为8和染料浓度为15 mg L-1），染料的生物吸附能力估计为140.154 mg g-1（R2：99.83）。该值非常接近实验获得的染料去除性能值（140.299 mg g-1）。这些发现表明Taguchi DoE技术在染料生物吸附系统的优化和仿真中具有很高的能力。动力学和平衡模型研究表明，伪二级模型和Langmuir模型是阐明生物吸附剂去除染料行为的最佳模型。此外，使用伪二级动力学参数评估了染料去污系统的性能。热力学分析表明，染料的生物吸附是可行的，自发的，放热的过程。对于大规模的染料纯化应用，还使用数学模型数据设计了一个单阶段批量生物吸附系统。所有这些结果表明，Z。marina L.