Canadian oat harvest samples, deliveries to processors, and train shipments from primary elevators were collected from mid-2014 through mid-2017 and analyzed for 26 mycotoxins and the fungal biomarker ergosterol. Of the 26 mycotoxins, 7 were not detected in any sample. The most frequently measured mycotoxins were beauvericin (in over 95% of samples analyzed), followed by tentoxin, culmorin, alternariol, alternariol methyl ether, and deoxynivalenol. Median concentrations of the Fusarium-produced mycotoxins ranged from 68 to 1142 μg/kg for deoxynivalenol, 39 to 188 μg/kg for HT-2 and T-2 toxins, 66 to 232 μg/kg for nivalenol, and less than 35 μg/kg for beauvericin. Median concentrations of the sum of Alternaria-produced mycotoxins were all less than 250 μg/kg. Concentrations of analytes varied among years, as well as among growing areas, for the harvest samples. Ergosterol, Fusarium, and Alternaria mycotoxin concentrations appeared to increase from the west toward the eastern Prairies and the province of Quebec; the differences were not statistically significant though. Ochratoxin A in deliveries and train shipments showed annual cyclic increases in the late summer. The results of the survey demonstrate the general compliance of Canadian oats with existing maximum levels for mycotoxins and indicate that in late summer and in years with increased Fusarium infection, there can be a need for monitoring of ochratoxin A and deoxynivalenol, respectively, to mitigate risks of noncompliant grain.

中文翻译：

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对加拿大燕麦中霉菌毒素和麦角固醇的多年调查。

从2014年中至2017年中收集了加拿大燕麦收获样品，运送给加工者的产品以及从主要升降机运送的火车，并分析了26种霉菌毒素和真菌生物标记麦角固醇。在26种霉菌毒素中，没有任何样品中检出7种。测得最频繁的霉菌毒素是beauvericin（在超过95％的分析样品中），其次是腱毒素，culmorin，交替烯醇，交替烯醇甲醚和脱氧雪茄烯醇。镰刀菌生产的霉菌毒素的中位数浓度对于脱氧雪腐烯酚为68至1142μg/ kg，对于HT-2和T-2毒素为39至188μg/ kg，对于新戊烯醇为66至232μg/ kg，并且低于35μg/公斤为beauvericin。链格孢菌总和的中位数浓度产生的霉菌毒素均小于250μg/ kg。对于收获样品，分析物的浓度随年份以及生长区域的不同而变化。麦角固醇，镰刀菌属和链格孢菌的真菌毒素浓度似乎从西部向东部大草原地区和魁北克省增加。但是差异没有统计学意义。交付和火车运输中的ch曲霉毒素A在夏季末显示出年度周期性增长。调查结果表明加拿大燕麦通常符合真菌毒素的最高限量，并表明在夏末和镰刀菌含量增加的年份 感染时，可能需要分别监测och曲霉毒素A和脱氧雪腐酚，以减轻谷物不合格的风险。