Background and objectives: The purpose of this study is to determine the impact of the most prominent cardiovascular and metabolic risk factors in patients undergoing cataract surgery. Materials and Methods: The study included 812 consecutive patients undergoing unilateral, uneventful cataract surgery by means of phacoemulsification, at the 2nd Department of Ophthalmology, Medical School, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece, during a calendar year. Patients were assessed for the type of cataract and the presence of three diseases, under pharmacological treatment, that have been reported as risk factors for the development of cataract (arterial hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and dyslipidemia). Results: There was a statistically significant difference between the types of cataract and individual risk factors (p < 0.001). Hypertension was the most frequentrisk factor, ranging from 43.8% in patients with subcapsular cataracts, 24.3% in patients with nuclear cataracts, 28.6% in patients with cortical cataracts, and 27.6% in patients with mixed type cataracts. There was a statistically significant difference as to the total number of risk factors per cataract type (p < 0.001); almost all patients with subcapsular cataracts had at least one risk factor (98.4%) while this percentage was 90.5% for patients with mixed cataracts, 85.7% for patients with cortical cataracts, and78.6% for patients with nuclear cataracts. Conclusions: Diabetes mellitus did not have a large incidence in our sample as a single risk factor, while hypertension did. This finding raises the importance of early detection of hypertension, a cardiovascular condition that typically progresses undetected for a number of years.

中文翻译：

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高血压是白内障患者的主要危险因素。

背景与目的：这项研究的目的是确定最突出的心血管和代谢危险因素对白内障手术患者的影响。材料和方法：该研究包括一个日历年，连续812年在希腊塞萨洛尼基亚里士多德大学医学院第二眼科通过超声乳化术进行单侧，无畸形白内障手术。在药物治疗下，评估了患者的白内障类型和三种疾病的存在，这些疾病已被报道为发展为白内障的危险因素（动脉高血压，糖尿病和血脂异常）。结果：白内障类型和个体危险因素之间存在统计学差异（p <0.001）。高血压是最常见的危险因素，囊内白内障患者为43.8％，核性白内障患者为24.3％，皮质性白内障患者为28.6％，混合型白内障患者为27.6％。每种白内障类型的危险因素总数在统计学上有显着差异（p <0.001）；几乎所有囊内白内障患者均具有至少一种危险因素（98.4％），而混合性白内障患者的这一比例为90.5％，皮质白内障患者的这一比例为85.7％，核白内障患者的这一比例为78.6％。结论：在我们的样本中，糖尿病作为单一危险因素的发生率不高，而高血压则高。这一发现提高了及早发现高血压的重要性，