The goal of this review is to present a concise and critical assessment of the literature related to physiologic responses in cattle that are subjected to transportation. Over two-thirds of US cattle are transported. Understanding trends in circulating physiologic parameters is an important part of mitigating the negative effects of transportation. For the producer, linking these effects after transportation to morbidity outcomes within the first 45 days on feed (i.e. especially development of bovine respiratory disease) is critical. Physiologic parameters in circulation are of primary importance and may have value for prediction of bovine respiratory disease on arrival and for the understanding of disease pathogenesis. The results of our literature survey indicated that post-transportation immune function, increased acute phase proteins, glucocorticoids, and inflammation are a pivotal starting point for understanding disease. These potential biomarkers may have utility in identifying disease for targeted therapeutics so that traditional protocols that rely heavily on metaphylaxis can be avoided. Additional research is needed to develop strategies for physiological marker identification, treatment methods, or predictive behaviors to prevent respiratory disease before and after transport. This review examines the significant deleterious effects of transportation handling and stress, and current immune system translation and non-antimicrobial mitigation strategies.

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运输对牛健康和生产的影响：综述

本综述的目的是对与运输的牛的生理反应相关的文献进行简明和批判性的评估。超过三分之二的美国牛被运输。了解循环生理参数的趋势是减轻运输负面影响的重要部分。对于生产者来说，将运输后的这些影响与前 45 天内的饲料发病率（即特别是牛呼吸道疾病的发展）联系起来是至关重要的。循环中的生理参数是最重要的，可能对预测牛到达时的呼吸道疾病和了解疾病发病机制具有价值。我们的文献调查结果表明，转运后免疫功能、急性期蛋白增加、糖皮质激素和炎症是了解疾病的关键起点。这些潜在的生物标志物可能有助于识别疾病以进行靶向治疗，从而可以避免严重依赖元过敏反应的传统方案。需要进一步的研究来制定生理标志物识别、治疗方法或预测行为的策略，以预防运输前后的呼吸道疾病。本综述探讨了运输处理和压力的显着有害影响，以及当前的免疫系统转化和非抗生素缓解策略。这些潜在的生物标志物可能有助于识别疾病以进行靶向治疗，从而可以避免严重依赖元过敏反应的传统方案。需要进一步的研究来制定生理标志物识别、治疗方法或预测行为的策略，以预防运输前后的呼吸道疾病。本综述探讨了运输处理和压力的显着有害影响，以及当前的免疫系统转化和非抗生素缓解策略。这些潜在的生物标志物可能有助于识别疾病以进行靶向治疗，从而可以避免严重依赖元过敏反应的传统方案。需要进一步的研究来制定生理标志物识别、治疗方法或预测行为的策略，以预防运输前后的呼吸道疾病。本综述探讨了运输处理和压力的显着有害影响，以及当前的免疫系统转化和非抗生素缓解策略。