Skeletal muscle, the essential organ for locomotion, as well as energy reservoir and expenditure, has robust regenerative capacity in response to mechanical stress and injury. As muscle-specific stem cells, satellite cells are responsible for providing new myoblasts during the process of muscle growth and regeneration. Self-renewal capacity and the fate of satellite cells are highly regulated and influenced by their surrounding factors, such as extracellular matrix and soluble proteins. The strong myogenic potential of satellite cells makes them a potential resource for stem cell therapy to cure genetic muscle disease and repair injured muscle. Here, we both review key features of satellite cells during skeletal muscle development and regeneration and summarize recent outcomes of satellite cell transplantation studies.

骨骼肌是运动的重要器官，也是能量储存和消耗的器官，在应对机械应力和损伤时具有强大的再生能力。作为肌肉特异性干细胞，卫星细胞负责在肌肉生长和再生过程中提供新的成肌细胞。自我更新能力和卫星细胞的命运受到周围因素的高度调节和影响，如细胞外基质和可溶性蛋白。卫星细胞强大的生肌潜力使它们成为干细胞疗法的潜在资源，可治愈遗传性肌肉疾病和修复受伤的肌肉。在这里，我们都回顾了骨骼肌发育和再生过程中卫星细胞的关键特征，并总结了卫星细胞移植研究的最新成果。