OBJECTIVE Infants with a weak immune system are prone to infection with Bacillus cereus, which is commonly found in natural environments. With the aim of achieving better control of this pathogenic bacterium, in the present study we characterized a new bacteriophage, ΦBC01. METHODS Bacteriophage particles were analyzed by transmission electron microscopy. Factors influencing adsorption were identified in a double-layer plaque assay. Sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis was conducted to determine the size of major structural proteins. The complete genome of the phage was analyzed. RESULTS Bacteriophage particles (105.3 ± 3.1 nm icosahedral head and 208.8 ± 3.6 nm contractile tail) were identified as Myoviridae. ΦBC01 was found to have host specificity to B. cereus. Major structural proteins of ΦBC01 showed 2 well-pronounced bands of 99 and 56 kDa. The 158,385-bp genome sequence of ΦBC01 was determined: 56 of the 239 open reading frames were annotated, indicating involvement in bacteriophage DNA manipulation, cell lysis, packaging, virion structure, and other functions. CONCLUSION Because of characterization and genotyping of a new bacteriophage from soil samples containing earthworms, this study provides a baseline for the development of alternatives to antibiotics.

中文翻译：

---

感染蜡样芽孢杆菌的强噬菌体的全基因组测序和基因组分析。

目的免疫系统较弱的婴儿容易感染蜡状芽孢杆菌，这在自然环境中很常见。为了更好地控制这种病原菌，在本研究中，我们鉴定了一种新的噬菌体ΦBC01。方法采用透射电镜对噬菌体颗粒进行分析。在双层噬斑测定中鉴定了影响吸附的因素。进行十二烷基硫酸钠聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳以确定主要结构蛋白的大小。分析了噬菌体的完整基因组。结果鉴定出噬菌体颗粒（205.3±3.1 nm二十面体头部和208.8±3.6 nm收缩性尾巴）为肌病毒科。发现ΦBC01对蜡状芽孢杆菌具有宿主特异性。ΦBC01的主要结构蛋白显示2条清晰的99和56 kDa的条带。确定了Φ13801的158,385-bp基因组序列：注释了239个开放阅读框中的56个，表明其参与了噬菌体DNA操作，细胞裂解，包装，病毒体结构和其他功能。结论由于从含有containing的土壤样品中鉴定出一种新型噬菌体并对其进行了基因分型，该研究为开发抗生素替代品提供了基线。