AIMS The aim of this study was to evaluate drug resistance patterns among Iranian people living with HIV who have taken antiretroviral therapy for 9-15 months. METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted between December 2015 and May 2016. Two hundred fifty-two blood samples were collected from all eligible HIV-infected patients at fourteen healthcare settings, located in major provinces in Iran. The samples were examined for presence of drug resistance strains and viral load level. Moreover, a phylogenetic tree, using neighbor joining, was constructed and HIV subtypes were determined. RESULTS The most common subtypes were CRF35-AD (47.6%) and A1 (42.8%), followed by 45_CPX (4.8%) and C (4.8%). The resistance to non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs), nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs), and protease inhibitors was reported as 19.2, 19.2, and 10.3%, respectively. M184I/V mutation was the most frequent (31.6%) mutation among NRTI-based regimens. Moreover, K103E/N was the most frequent (34.2%) NNRTI mutation. CONCLUSIONS This is the first study to illuminate the emergence of the CPX genotype among Iranian patients. The drug resistance rate of NNRTIs was similar to that of NRTIs. By assessing drug resistance, it is possible to evaluate the efficacy of treatment and patient adherence to treatment.

中文翻译：

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2015-2016年在伊朗14个三角诊所中对接受抗逆转录病毒疗法治疗9-15个月的HIV感染者中获得性HIV耐药性的评估。

目的本研究的目的是评估接受抗逆转录病毒治疗9-15个月的伊朗HIV感染者的耐药模式。方法2015年12月至2016年5月进行了横断面研究。从位于伊朗主要省份的十四个医疗机构的所有合格HIV感染患者中采集了252份血液样本。检查样品是否存在耐药菌株和病毒载量水平。此外，使用邻居加入构建了系统发育树，并确定了HIV亚型。结果最常见的亚型是CRF35-AD（47.6％）和A1（42.8％），其次是45_CPX（4.8％）和C（4.8％）。对非核苷类逆转录酶抑制剂（NNRTIs），核苷类逆转录酶抑制剂（NRTIs）的耐药性 蛋白酶抑制剂的报道分别为19.2％，19.2％和10.3％。在基于NRTI的方案中，M184I / V突变是最常见的突变（31.6％）。此外，K103E / N是最常见的（34.2％）NNRTI突变。结论这是首次阐明伊朗患者中CPX基因型出现的研究。NNRTIs的耐药率与NRTIs相似。通过评估耐药性，可以评估治疗效果和患者对治疗的依从性。NNRTIs的耐药率与NRTIs相似。通过评估耐药性，可以评估治疗效果和患者对治疗的依从性。NNRTIs的耐药率与NRTIs相似。通过评估耐药性，可以评估治疗效果和患者对治疗的依从性。