The emergence and rapid spread of insecticide resistance in several mosquito species has become a significant obstacle in management of mosquito‐borne diseases, including deltamethrin resistance in Culex pipiens pallens. Previous study identified a major deltamethrin resistance quantitative trait locus (DR‐6) that alone explained 62% of the genetic variance. In this study, the marker L4B1.102 and L4B1.175 associated with the DR‐6 were characterized. We searched for potential candidate genes in the flank region of two markers in the genome sequence and showed that a cluster of CYP6 cytochrome P450 genes (CYP6BB4, CYP6BB3, CYP6CC2, CYP6P14, CYP6BZ2, CYP6AA9, CYP6AA8, CYP6AA7) was in the vicinity of DR‐6. Significant differences in the expression of these P450s in the larval and adult stages were identified in the resistant strains compared with the susceptible strain. For CYP6AA9 and CYP6BB4, the correlation analysis showed a highly positive correlation between relative gene expression quantification and the resistance level in different strains. Knockdown of CYP6BB4 increased the sensitivity of mosquitoes to deltamethrin. We identified that the deltamethrin resistance was in a cluster of CYP6 genes in C. pipiens pallens, and CYP6BB4 may play a significant role in the development of deltamethrin resistance.

中文翻译：

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与主要数量性状基因座相关的CYP6基因家族簇负责苍白库蚊的拟除虫菊酯抗药性。

在几种蚊子中，抗药性的出现和迅速传播已成为控制蚊媒疾病（包括淡色库蚊的溴氰菊酯抗性）的重要障碍。先前的研究确定了主要的溴氰菊酯抗性定量性状基因座（DR-6），仅此一项就可以解释62％的遗传变异。在这项研究中，表征了与DR-6相关的标记L4B1.102和L4B1.175。我们在基因组序列的两个标记的侧翼区搜索了潜在的候选基因，结果发现CYP6细胞色素P450基因（CYP6BB4，CYP6BB3，CYP6CC2，CYP6P14，CYP6BZ2，CYP6AA9，CYP6AA8，CYP6AA7）在DR-6附近。与易感菌株相比，在抗性菌株中发现了这些P450在幼虫和成年阶段表达的显着差异。对于CYP6AA9和CYP6BB4，相关分析显示相对基因表达定量与不同菌株的抗性水平之间呈高度正相关。击倒CYP6BB4增加蚊子对溴氰菊酯的灵敏度。我们确定溴氰菊酯抗性是在pipiens pallens和CYP6BB4的CYP6基因簇中 可能在溴氰菊酯抗性的发展中起重要作用。