Objective: To characterize the salivary microbiota of patients with aggressive periodontitis, patients with chronica periodontitis and orally healthy individuals.

Methods: A total of 81 unstimulated saliva samples from aggressive periodontitis patients (n = 31), chronic periodontitis patients (n = 25), and orally healthy controls (n = 25) were examined. The V1-V3 region of the 16S rDNA gene was sequenced with Illumina® MiSeq^TM, and sequences were annotated to the expanded Human Oral Microbiome Database (eHOMD).

Results: A mean percentage of 97.6 (range: 89.8–99.7) of sequences could be identified at species level. Seven bacterial species, including Porphyromonas gingivalis, were identified with significantly higher relative abundance in saliva from aggressive periodontitis patients than in saliva from orally healthy controls. Salivary abundance of P. gingivalis could discriminate aggressive (AUC: 0.80, p = 0.0001) and chronic periodontitis (AUC: 0.72, p = 0.006) from healthy controls. Likewise, salivary presence of P. gingivalis was significantly associated with aggressive (p < 0.0001, RR: 8.1 (95% CI 2.1–31.2)) and chronic periodontitis (p = 0.002, RR: 6.5 (95% CI: 1.6–25.9)).

Conclusion: Salivary presence and relative abundance of P. gingivalis associate with aggressive and chronic periodontitis, but do not discriminate between aggressive and chronic periodontitis.

目的：描述侵袭性牙周炎患者，慢性牙周炎患者和口腔健康个体的唾液微生物群。

方法：检查了来自积极性牙周炎患者（n = 31），慢性牙周炎患者（n = 25）和口腔健康对照组（n = 25）的总共81份未刺激的唾液样本。用Illumina®MiSeq ^TM对16S rDNA基因的V1-V3区域进行测序，并将序列注释到扩展的人类口腔微生物组数据库（eHOMD）中。

结果：可以在物种水平上鉴定出平均百分比为97.6（范围：89.8–99.7）的序列。鉴定出包括牙龈卟啉单胞菌在内的七个细菌种类，其侵袭性牙周炎患者的唾液中的相对丰度比口服健康对照组的唾液中的相对丰度高得多。牙龈卟啉单胞菌的唾液丰度可以将侵袭性（AUC：0.80，p = 0.0001）和慢性牙周炎（AUC：0.72，p = 0.006）与健康对照区分开。同样，牙龈卟啉单胞菌在唾液中的存在与侵略性（p <0.0001，RR：8.1（95％CI 2.1-31.2））和慢性牙周炎（p = 0.002，RR：6.5（95％CI：1.6-25.9） ）。

结论：牙龈卟啉单胞菌在唾液中的存在和相对丰度与侵袭性和慢性牙周炎有关，但不能区分侵袭性和慢性牙周炎。