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Activation of the ambusher tick Rhipicephalus microplus (Acari: Ixodidae) exposed to different stimuli.
Medical and Veterinary Entomology ( IF 1.6 ) Pub Date : 2019-09-04 , DOI: 10.1111/mve.12406 V Zeringóta 1 , J G de Oliveira Filho 1 , L M F Borges 2
Medical and Veterinary Entomology ( IF 1.6 ) Pub Date : 2019-09-04 , DOI: 10.1111/mve.12406 V Zeringóta 1 , J G de Oliveira Filho 1 , L M F Borges 2
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The present study aimed to evaluate the behaviour of larvae of Rhipicephalus microplus exposed to different stimuli. A Y-olfactometer was positioned vertically and R. microplus larvae were exposed to environmental air, CO2 alone, N,N-diethyl-3-methylbenzamide (DEET) alone, and CO2 combined with the repellents DEET and (E)-2-octenal. Tests were also conducted with the olfactometer positioned horizontally; in this case, however, only CO2 was tested. In all tests conducted with the Y-olfactometer positioned vertically, CO2 activated R. microplus larvae even in the presence of DEET and (E)-2-octenal, although activation was lower when these repellents were used. In the absence of CO2 , larval behaviour against DEET was similar to that of the larvae in the control group. In the tests performed with the olfactometer positioned horizontally, the larvae had no significant response to the presence of CO2 . The larvae were not attracted to or repelled by any compound tested in either the vertical or horizontal position of the olfactometer. The lack of horizontal displacement, attraction or repellence may have been a result of the ambush behaviour of this tick species. However, when larvae were exposed to stimuli and the olfactometer was positioned vertically, the interference of attractant and repellent stimuli in larval behaviour was assessed.
中文翻译：
暴露于不同刺激下的伏打壁虱细头蛇头畸形（Acari：Ixodidae）的激活。
本研究旨在评估暴露于不同刺激下的微小头蛇幼虫的行为。将Y型嗅觉仪垂直放置，并将微小的R. microplus幼虫暴露于环境空气，单独的CO2，单独的N，N-二乙基-3-甲基苯甲酰胺（DEET），以及将CO2与驱避剂DEET和（E）-2-辛烯醛混合使用。水平放置的嗅觉仪也进行了测试。但是，在这种情况下，仅测试了二氧化碳。在所有使用垂直放置的Y型嗅觉仪进行的测试中，即使在存在DEET和（E）-2-辛烯醛的情况下，CO2仍会激活微小芽孢杆菌幼虫，尽管使用这些驱虫剂时其活化程度较低。在没有二氧化碳的情况下，抗DEET的幼虫行为与对照组中的幼虫相似。在水平放置嗅觉仪进行的测试中，幼虫对CO2的存在无明显反应。在嗅觉计的垂直或水平位置，幼虫都不会被任何测试化合物吸引或排斥。这种壁虱种类的伏击行为可能是缺乏水平位移，吸引或排斥的结果。然而，当幼虫暴露于刺激物且嗅觉仪垂直放置时，评估了诱饵和驱避剂刺激物对幼虫行为的干扰。
更新日期：2019-09-04
中文翻译：
暴露于不同刺激下的伏打壁虱细头蛇头畸形（Acari：Ixodidae）的激活。
本研究旨在评估暴露于不同刺激下的微小头蛇幼虫的行为。将Y型嗅觉仪垂直放置，并将微小的R. microplus幼虫暴露于环境空气，单独的CO2，单独的N，N-二乙基-3-甲基苯甲酰胺（DEET），以及将CO2与驱避剂DEET和（E）-2-辛烯醛混合使用。水平放置的嗅觉仪也进行了测试。但是，在这种情况下，仅测试了二氧化碳。在所有使用垂直放置的Y型嗅觉仪进行的测试中，即使在存在DEET和（E）-2-辛烯醛的情况下，CO2仍会激活微小芽孢杆菌幼虫，尽管使用这些驱虫剂时其活化程度较低。在没有二氧化碳的情况下，抗DEET的幼虫行为与对照组中的幼虫相似。在水平放置嗅觉仪进行的测试中，幼虫对CO2的存在无明显反应。在嗅觉计的垂直或水平位置，幼虫都不会被任何测试化合物吸引或排斥。这种壁虱种类的伏击行为可能是缺乏水平位移，吸引或排斥的结果。然而，当幼虫暴露于刺激物且嗅觉仪垂直放置时，评估了诱饵和驱避剂刺激物对幼虫行为的干扰。
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