Liposomes are spherical vesicles enclosed by phospholipid bilayers. Nanoscale liposomes are widely employed for drug delivery in the pharmaceutical industry. In this study, nanoscale liposomes are fabricated using the microfluidic hydrodynamic focusing (MHF) approach, and the effects of flow rate ratio (FRR) on liposome size and drug loading efficiency are studied. Fluorescein isothiocyanate modified dextran is used as a hydrophilic drug simulant and Nile red is used as a hydrophobic drug simulant. The experiment results show that hydrophilic drug simulant loading efficiency increases as FRR increases and eventually plateaues at around 90% loading efficiency. The hydrophobic drug simulant loading efficiency and FRR have a positive linear correlation when FRR varies from 10 to 50. Concurrent loading of both hydrophilic and hydrophobic drug simulants maintains the same loading efficiencies as those of loading each drug simulant alone. A negative correlation between liposome size and FRR is also confirmed. Unloaded liposomes and hydrophilic drug-loaded liposomes are of the same sizes, and are smaller than the ones loaded with the hydrophobic drug simulants alone or combined. The results suggest tunable liposome size and drug loading efficiency with the MHF technique. This provides evidence to encourage further studies of microfluidic liposome fabrication in the pharmaceutical industry.

中文翻译：

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脂质体的产生和通过微流体流体动力聚焦同时加载药物模拟物。

脂质体是被磷脂双层包围的球形囊泡。纳米脂质体在制药工业中广泛用于药物递送。在这项研究中，使用微流体流体动力聚焦（MHF）方法制备纳米级脂质体，并研究了流速比（FRR）对脂质体大小和载药效率的影响。异硫氰酸荧光素修饰的右旋糖酐用作亲水药物模拟物，尼罗红用作疏水药物模拟物。实验结果表明，亲水药物模拟物的负载效率随着FRR的增加而增加，最终稳定在90％左右的负载效率。当FRR在10到50之间变化时，疏水药物模拟物的负载效率和FRR具有正线性相关。亲水性和疏水性药物模拟物的同时加载保持与单独加载每种药物模拟物相同的加载效率。脂质体大小与FRR之间也呈负相关。未装载的脂质体和亲水的装载脂质体的大小相同，并且比单独或组合装载疏水药物模拟物的脂质体小。结果表明，使用MHF技术可调节脂质体大小和载药效率。这提供了证据来鼓励在制药工业中进一步研究微流体脂质体的制备。且比单独或结合疏水性药物模拟物的载体小。结果表明，使用MHF技术可调节脂质体大小和载药效率。这提供了证据来鼓励在制药工业中进一步研究微流体脂质体的制备。且比单独或结合疏水性药物模拟物的载体小。结果表明，使用MHF技术可调节脂质体大小和载药效率。这提供了证据来鼓励在制药工业中进一步研究微流体脂质体的制备。