Glycemia and insulin resistance are important regulators of multiple physiological processes and their dysregulation has wide-ranging consequences, including alterations in plasma concentrations of metal micronutrients. Here, magnesium, zinc, copper, selenium and glycated albumin (HbA1c) concentrations and quartile differences were examined in 45 subjects with type-I diabetes (T1DM), 54 subjects with type-II diabetes (T2DM) and 62 control subjects in order to assess potential differences between sexes and between T1DM and T2DM. Plasma magnesium concentration was decreased in T1DM subjects, with the second, third and fourth quartiles of magnesium concentrations associated with the absence of T1DM. This effect was observed in females but not males. In T2DM, the highest quartile of selenium concentrations and the third quartile of copper concentrations associated with the absence of diabetes in males. The highest quartile of magnesium concentrations was associated with the absence of T2DM in males but not females. HbA1c correlated with plasma concentrations of magnesium (negatively, in both sexes together in T1DM and T1DM males), copper (positively, in T1DM males and in both sexes together in T2DM), selenium (positively, in both sexes together in T1DM and T2DM, and T2DM females) and with zinc/copper ratio (negatively, in both sexes together in T1DM and T2DM). This study shows that plasma magnesium concentration is altered to the highest degree in T1DM, while in T2DM, plasma selenium and copper concentrations are significantly affected. This work increases our understanding of how T1DM and T2DM affects plasma metal concentrations and may have future implications for diabetes management.

中文翻译：

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I型和II型糖尿病患者的血浆总镁，锌，铜和硒浓度。

血糖和胰岛素抵抗是多种生理过程的重要调节剂，它们的失调具有广泛的后果，包括金属微量营养素的血浆浓度改变。在此，我们对45位I型糖尿病（T1DM），54位II型糖尿病（T2DM）和62位对照受试者中的镁，锌，铜，硒和糖化白蛋白（HbA1c）浓度和四分位数差异进行了检查。评估性别之间以及T1DM和T2DM之间的潜在差异。在T1DM受试者中血浆镁浓度降低，镁浓度的第二，第三和第四四分位数与T1DM的缺乏相关。在女性中观察到了这种效果，但在男性中却没有。在T2DM中，与男性无糖尿病相关的硒浓度最高的四分位数和铜浓度的第三四分位数。男性中镁水平最高的四分位数与不存在T2DM有关，而女性则不存在。HbA1c与镁的浓度（在T1DM和T1DM男性中，男性和女性均为阴性），铜（在T1DM男性和T2DM中的男性和女性均为阳性），硒（在T1DM和T2DM的男性和女性中均为阳性）相关和T2DM雌性）和锌/铜比（在T1DM和T2DM中，两性都为负）。这项研究表明，血浆T1DM中镁的浓度变化最大，而在T2DM中，血浆硒和铜的浓度受到显着影响。