Objectives: (1) Adapt the ECAS into Greek, validate it in ALS patients and compare with the ALS-CBS. (2) Determine the sensitivity and specificity of ECAS in the differentiation between AD and non-demented ALS patients as compared with the ACE-III and mini-ACE. Methods: ALS patients (n = 28) were recruited and AD patients (n = 26) were matched in age, sex, and education with ALS patients (n = 24). The normative data were derived from a random sample of controls (n = 52). Bayes correlation analysis was conducted to examine convergent validity. Bayes t-test was performed to assess between groups' differences. Receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curve analyses and area under the curve (AUC) were implemented to appraise the sensitivity and specificity in the differentiation between the AD and non-demented ALS patients. Results: The ECAS and its sub-scores in addition to the behavior interview demonstrated robust correlations with the ALS-CBS. Impairment in language and verbal fluency were the most prominent deficits in the ALS patients. The most frequently reported change was apathy. The ROC analysis demonstrated that the ECAS-ALS nonspecific score (comprising memory and visuospatial domains) is the most sensitive and specific in differentiating the AD from ALS patients. The other measures expressed high sensitivity, yet a poor specificity. Conclusions: The ECAS is a multi-purpose screening tool. The ECAS-ALS specific appraises the whole spectrum of the highly prevalent cognitive impairments in ALS. The ECAS-ALS nonspecific (memory and visuospatial) is a sensitive score to detect AD related deficits and is able to differentiate the AD from the non-demented ALS patients better than the ACE-III and mini-ACE.

中文翻译：

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爱丁堡认知和行为性肌萎缩性侧索硬化筛查（ECAS）：区分希腊人群中ALS和阿尔茨海默氏病的敏感性。

目标：（1）将ECAS改编成希腊文，在ALS患者中进行验证并与ALS-CBS进行比较。（2）确定ECAS与ACE-III和mini-ACE相比在AD和非痴呆性ALS患者分化中的敏感性和特异性。方法：招募ALS患者（n = 28），AD患者（n = 26）与年龄，性别和受教育程度相匹配的ALS患者（n = 24）。规范数据来自对照组的随机样本（n = 52）。进行贝叶斯相关分析以检验收敛效度。进行Bayes t检验以评估组之间的差异。实施受试者工作特征（ROC）曲线分析和曲线下面积（AUC）来评估AD和非痴呆性ALS患者区分的敏感性和特异性。结果：除了行为访谈外，ECAS及其子评分还显示出与ALS-CBS的稳固相关性。语言障碍和语言流利性是ALS患者最主要的缺陷。最频繁报告的变化是冷漠。ROC分析表明，ECAS-ALS非特异性评分（包括记忆和视觉空间域）是区分AD与ALS患者最敏感和最特异性的评分。其他措施表现出高敏感性，但特异性较差。结论：ECAS是一种多功能的筛选工具。ECAS-ALS具体评估了ALS中高度普遍的认知障碍的整个范围。