In the last few decades, numerous studies have investigated the impacts of simulated ocean acidification on marine species and communities, particularly those inhabiting dynamic coastal systems. Despite these research efforts, there are many gaps in our understanding, particularly with respect to physiological mechanisms that lead to pathologies. In this review, we trace how carbonate system disturbances propagate from the coastal environment into marine invertebrates and highlight mechanistic links between these disturbances and organism function. We also point toward several processes related to basic invertebrate biology that are severely understudied and prevent an accurate understanding of how carbonate system dynamics influence organismic homeostasis and fitness-related traits. We recommend that significant research effort be directed to studying cellular phenotypes of invertebrates acclimated or adapted to elevated seawater pCO2 using biochemical and physiological methods.

中文翻译：

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海洋酸化和沿海海洋无脊椎动物：跟踪从海水到细胞的二氧化碳影响。

在过去的几十年中，大量研究调查了模拟海洋酸化对海洋物种和群落的影响，特别是那些居住在动态沿海系统中的物种。尽管进行了这些研究工作，但我们的理解仍存在许多空白，特别是在导致病理的生理机制方面。在这篇综述中，我们追踪了碳酸盐系统扰动如何从沿海环境传播到海洋无脊椎动物，并突出了这些扰动与机体功能之间的机械联系。我们还指出了一些与基础无脊椎动物生物学有关的过程，这些过程都受到了严重的研究，无法准确理解碳酸盐系统动力学如何影响机体动态平衡和与健身有关的性状。