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Borrowing from Historical Control Data in Cancer Drug Development: A Cautionary Tale and Practical Guidelines.
Statistics in Biopharmaceutical Research ( IF 1.5 ) Pub Date : 2019-04-22 , DOI: 10.1080/19466315.2018.1497533
Connor Jo Lewis 1 , Somnath Sarkar 2 , Jiawen Zhu 3 , Bradley P Carlin 4
Affiliation  

Some clinical trialists, especially those working in rare or pediatric disease, have suggested borrowing information from similar but already-completed clinical trials. This article begins with a case study in which relying solely on historical control information would have erroneously resulted in concluding a significant treatment effect. We then attempt to catalog situations where borrowing historical information may or may not be advisable using a series of carefully designed simulation studies. We use an MCMC-driven Bayesian hierarchical parametric survival modeling approach to analyze data from a sponsor’s colorectal cancer study. We also apply these same models to simulated data comparing the effective historical sample size, bias, 95% credible interval widths, and empirical coverage probabilities across the simulated cases. We find that even after accounting for variations in study design, baseline characteristics, and standard-of-care improvement, our approach consistently identifies Bayesianly significant differences between the historical and concurrent controls under a range of priors on the degree of historical data borrowing. Our simulation studies are far from exhaustive, but inform the design of future trials. When the historical and current controls are dissimilar, Bayesian methods can still moderate borrowing to a more appropriate level by adjusting for important covariates and adopting sensible priors.



中文翻译:

从癌症药物开发中的历史控制数据中借用:警示故事和实用指南。

一些临床试验者,特别是那些从事罕见或小儿疾病的临床试验者,建议从类似但已经完成的临床试验中借鉴信息。本文从一个案例研究开始,在该案例研究中,仅依靠历史控制信息会错误地得出重大的治疗效果。然后,我们尝试使用一系列精心设计的模拟研究,对可能会或可能不会建议借用历史信息的情况进行分类。我们使用MCMC驱动的贝叶斯分层参数化生存建模方法来分析来自发起人的大肠癌研究的数据。我们还将这些相同的模型应用于模拟数据,以比较模拟案例中的有效历史样本量,偏差,95%可信区间宽度和经验覆盖率。我们发现,即使在考虑了研究设计,基线特征和护理标准改善的差异之后,我们的方法也能够在历史数据借入程度的一系列先验条件下,一致地确定历史控制与并行控制之间的贝叶斯显着差异。我们的模拟研究远非详尽无遗,但可以为将来的试验设计提供依据。当历史控制和当前控制不同时,贝叶斯方法仍然可以通过调整重要的协变量并采用明智的先验来将借贷控制在一个更合适的水平。我们的方法能够在历史数据借入程度的一系列先验条件下,一贯地确定历史控制与并行控制之间的贝叶斯显着差异。我们的模拟研究远非详尽无遗,但可以为将来的试验设计提供依据。当历史控制和当前控制不同时,贝叶斯方法仍然可以通过调整重要的协变量并采用明智的先验来将借贷控制在一个更合适的水平。我们的方法能够在历史数据借入程度的一系列先验条件下,一贯地确定历史控制与并行控制之间的贝叶斯显着差异。我们的模拟研究远非详尽无遗,但可以为将来的试验设计提供依据。当历史控制和当前控制不同时,贝叶斯方法仍然可以通过调整重要的协变量并采用明智的先验来将借贷控制在一个更合适的水平。

更新日期:2019-04-22
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