Microcystins (MC) the most frequently reported cyanobacterial harmful algal bloom toxins primarily found in some species of freshwater genera pose a serious threat to human and animal health. To reduce health risks associated with MC exposure it is important to remove these toxins found in drinking and recreational waterbodies. Since the physical and chemical water treatment methods are inefficient in completely degrading MC, alternative approaches to effectively detoxify MC have become the focus of global research. The aim of this review was to provide the current approach to cost-effective biological treatment methods which utilize bacteria to degrade MC without generation of harmful by-products. In addition, the catabolic pathways involved in MC-degradation involving proteins encoded mlr gene cluster, intermediate products and efficiencies of bacteria strain/bacteria community are presented and compared.

中文翻译：

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微囊藻毒素的细菌生物降解和解毒过程对环境健康的重要性。

微囊藻毒素（MC）是最常见的蓝藻有害藻华毒素，主要存在于某些淡水属物种中，对人类和动物健康构成严重威胁。为了减少与MC暴露相关的健康风险，重要的是清除饮用水和娱乐水体中发现的这些毒素。由于物理和化学水处理方法无法完全降解MC，因此有效地使MC排毒的替代方法已成为全球研究的重点。这篇综述的目的是提供一种具有成本效益的生物处理方法的当前方法，该方法利用细菌降解MC而不产生有害的副产物。此外，参与MC降解的分解代谢途径涉及编码mlr基因簇的蛋白质，