This study aimed to optimize the extraction conditions for Sorbus umbellata (Desf.) Fritsch var. umbellata leaves to maximize the phenolic content and their antioxidant activity and to investigate β-glucuronidase (GUS) enzyme inhibitory, antimicrobial and cytotoxic potentials of the extracts obtained under optimum conditions. The optimum extraction conditions were found to be 78.2 and 79.7% solvent, 73.1 and 71.5 °C, and 89.9 and 88.8 min to maximize phenolic content and antioxidant activity, respectively. Low values of coefficient of variations indicate the high reliability and reproducibility of the conducted extraction experiments. Bioactivity results showed that extracts had cytotoxic effect on the MCF-7 and A549 cells where the highest cell proliferation inhibition was observed for the A549 cell line (71.8% at 150 μg/mL). Staphylococcus aureus showed highest zone of inhibition (19.3 mm) in all bacteria followed by Escherichia coli. Additionally, extracts displayed potential GUS inhibitory activity. In conclusion, Sorbus umbellata leaf extract can be obtained by optimized cost-saving extraction and has a potential bioactivity to be utilized as a food ingredient for high value-added products and/or nutraceuticals development where it can combat oxidative stress and GUS mediated reactive metabolite formation.

中文翻译：

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Sorbus umbellata (Desf.) Fritsch var. 伞形花叶：优化提取条件和研究抗菌、细胞毒性和 β-葡萄糖醛酸酶抑制潜力

本研究旨在优化 Sorbus umbellata (Desf.) Fritsch var. 的提取条件。umbellata 叶子以最大限度地提高酚类含量及其抗氧化活性，并研究在最佳条件下获得的提取物的 β-葡萄糖醛酸酶 (GUS) 酶抑制、抗菌和细胞毒性潜力。发现最佳提取条件为 78.2% 和 79.7% 的溶剂，73.1 和 71.5 °C，以及 89.9 和 88.8 分钟，以分别使酚含量和抗氧化活性最大化。变异系数的低值表明所进行的提取实验具有高可靠性和可重复性。生物活性结果表明，提取物对 MCF-7 和 A549 细胞具有细胞毒性作用，其中对 A549 细胞系观察到最高的细胞增殖抑制作用（150 μg/mL 时为 71.8%）。金黄色葡萄球菌在所有细菌中表现出最高的抑菌圈 (19.3 mm)，其次是大肠杆菌。此外，提取物显示出潜在的 GUS 抑制活性。总之，山梨叶提取物可以通过优化的成本节约提取获得，并且具有潜在的生物活性，可用作高附加值产品和/或营养品开发的食品成分，可以对抗氧化应激和 GUS 介导的反应性代谢物形成。