Flaviviruses cause significant human diseases putting more than 400 million people at risk annually worldwide. Because of migration and improved transportation, these viruses can be found on all continents (except Antarctica). Although a majority of the viruses are endemic in the tropics, a few [West Nile virus (WNV) and tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV)] have shown endemicity in Europe and North America. Currently, there are vaccines for the Yellow fever virus, Japanese encephalitis virus, and TBEV, but there is no effective vaccine and/or therapy against all other flaviviruses. Although there are intensive efforts to develop vaccines for Zika viruses, dengue viruses, and WNVs, there is the need for alternative or parallel antiviral therapeutic approaches. Suppressors of cytokine signaling (SOCS) and protein inhibitors of activated signal transducer and activator of transcription (STATs; PIAS), both regulatory proteins of the Janus kinase/STAT signaling pathway, have been explored as therapeutic targets in herpes simplex and vaccinia viruses, as well as in cancer therapy. In this review, we briefly describe the function of SOCS and PIAS and their therapeutic potential in flaviviral infections. [Figure: see text].

中文翻译：

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细胞因子信号抑制剂和激活信号转导器的蛋白质抑制剂和转录激活剂作为黄病毒感染的治疗靶点。

黄病毒引起严重的人类疾病，全世界每年有超过 4 亿人处于危险之中。由于迁移和改进的运输，这些病毒可以在所有大陆（南极洲除外）中找到。尽管大多数病毒在热带地区流行，但少数[西尼罗河病毒 (WNV) 和蜱传脑炎病毒 (TBEV)] 在欧洲和北美流行。目前，有针对黄热病病毒、日本脑炎病毒和 TBEV 的疫苗，但没有针对所有其他黄病毒的有效疫苗和/或疗法。尽管为开发寨卡病毒、登革热病毒和 WNV 疫苗付出了大量努力，但仍需要替代或平行的抗病毒治疗方法。细胞因子信号传导抑制因子 (SOCS) 和激活信号转导蛋白抑制剂和转录激活因子 (STATs; PIAS) 都是 Janus 激酶 / STAT 信号通路的调节蛋白，已被探索作为单纯疱疹病毒和痘苗病毒的治疗靶点，如以及在癌症治疗中。在这篇综述中，我们简要描述了 SOCS 和 PIAS 的功能及其在黄病毒感染中的治疗潜力。[图：见正文]。