Cancer therapy is unsatisfactory as it typically has serious side effects, because normal cells in healthy organs are destroyed along with the tumor. Thus, researchers have tried to develop effective therapies with minimal side effects. One such method is to use nanotechnology to carry the drugs or therapeutic agents to the tumor region by secure encapsulation without leakage. Once the nanomedicine enters the target tumor site, it can release therapeutic agents in an effective manner. Accordingly, various nanomedicines have been developed to enhance the efficiency of cancer therapy and minimize the systematic toxicity. Here, we provide an overview and discuss the different types of responsive nanomedicines including physically, chemically, biologically, dual, and multi-responsive nanomedicines, for the in situ release of cargos in recent years. We propose critical considerations that must be considered for the design of excellent stimuli-nanomedicine. Furthermore, the possible directions for the development of successful stimuli-responsive (smart) nanomedicine are highlighted. With the development of responsive nanomedicines, precise and personalized nanomedicine will be realized with great promise in the future. This article is categorized under: Therapeutic Approaches and Drug Discovery > Nanomedicine for Oncologic Disease Nanotechnology Approaches to Biology > Nanoscale Systems in Biology.

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物理，化学和生物响应性纳米药物用于癌症治疗。

癌症疗法之所以不能令人满意，是因为它通常具有严重的副作用，因为健康器官中的正常细胞会与肿瘤一起被破坏。因此，研究人员试图开发出副作用最小的有效疗法。一种这样的方法是使用纳米技术通过安全封装将药物或治疗剂携带到肿瘤区域而不会泄漏。纳米药物一旦进入靶肿瘤部位，就可以有效地释放治疗剂。因此，已经开发了各种纳米药物以增强癌症治疗的效率并使系统毒性最小化。在这里，我们提供了概述并讨论了响应式纳米药物的不同类型，包括物理，化学，生物学，双重和多响应性纳米药物，这些药物近年来用于就地释放。我们提出了优秀的刺激纳米医学设计必须考虑的重要考虑因素。此外，突出了开发成功的刺激反应（智能）纳米医学的可能方向。随着响应性纳米药物的发展，精确和个性化的纳米药物将在未来实现。本文归类于：治疗方法和药物发现>肿瘤疾病的纳米药物纳米生物学方法>生物学中的纳米系统。未来，精确和个性化的纳米医学将有望实现。本文归类于：治疗方法和药物发现>肿瘤疾病的纳米药物纳米生物学方法>生物学中的纳米系统。未来，精确和个性化的纳米医学将有望实现。本文归类于：治疗方法和药物发现>肿瘤疾病的纳米药物纳米生物学方法>生物学中的纳米系统。