Verticillium dahliae, a soil-borne fungus, can invade plant vascular tissue and cause Verticillium wilt. The enzyme α-oxoglutarate dehydrogenase (OGDH), catalyzing the oxidation of α-oxoglutarate in the tricarboxylic acid cycle (TCA), is vital for energy metabolism in the fungi. Here, we identified the OGDH gene in V. dahliae (VdOGDH, VDAG_10018) and investigated its function in virulence by generating gene deletion mutants (ΔVdOGDH) and complementary mutants (ΔVdOGDH-C). When the ΔVdOGDH mutants were supplemented with different carbon sources, vegetative growth on Czapek Dox medium was significantly impaired, suggesting that VdOGDH is crucial for vegetative growth and carbon utilization. Conidia of the ΔVdOGDH mutants were atypically rounded or spherical, and hyphae were irregularly branched and lacked typical whorled branches. Mutants ΔVdOGDH-1 and ΔVdOGDH-2 were highly sensitive to H2O2 in the medium plates and had higher intracellular ROS levels. ΔVdOGDH mutants also had elevated expression of oxidative response-related genes, indicating that VdOGDH is involved in response to oxidative stress. In addition, the disruption of VdOGDH caused a significant increase in the expression of energy metabolism-related genes VdICL, VdICDH, VdMDH, and VdPDH and melanin-related genes Vayg1, VdSCD, VdLAC, VT4HR, and VaflM in the ΔVdOGDH mutants; thus, VdOGDH is also important for energy metabolism and melanin accumulation. Cotton plants inoculated with ΔVdOGDH mutants exhibited mild leaf chlorosis and the disease index was lower compared with wild type and ΔVdOGDH-C strains. These results together show that VdOGDH involved in energy metabolism of V. dahliae, is also essential for full virulence by regulating multiple fungal developmental factors.

中文翻译：

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VdOGDH参与能量代谢，是黄萎病菌毒力所必需的。

黄萎病菌（黄萎病菌）是一种土壤传播的真菌，可侵袭植物的血管组织并引起黄萎病。α-氧代戊二酸脱氢酶（OGDH）在三羧酸循环（TCA）中催化α-氧代戊二酸的氧化，对于真菌中的能量代谢至关重要。在这里，我们在大麦假单胞菌中鉴定了OGDH基因（VdOGDH，VDAG_10018），并通过产生基因缺失突变体（ΔVdOGDH）和互补突变体（ΔVdOGDH-C）研究了其在毒力中的功能。当ΔVdOGDH突变体补充了不同的碳源时，Czapek Dox培养基上的营养生长受到显着损害，这表明VdOGDH对于营养生长和碳利用至关重要。ΔVdOGDH突变体的分生孢子呈非典型圆形或球形，菌丝不规则分支且缺乏典型的螺旋状分支。突变体ΔVdOGDH-1和ΔVdOGDH-2对培养基板中的H2O2高度敏感，并具有较高的细胞内ROS水平。ΔVdOGDH突变体还具有与氧化反应相关的基因表达升高，表明VdOGDH参与了对氧化应激的反应。此外，VdOGDH的破坏导致能量代谢相关基因VdICL，VdICDH，VdMDH和VdPDH以及黑色素相关基因Vayg1，VdSCD，VdLAC，VT4HR和Vaf1M的表达显着增加。因此，VdOGDH对于能量代谢和黑色素积累也很重要。与野生型和ΔVdOGDH-C菌株相比，接种了ΔVdOGDH突变株的棉花植株表现出轻度的叶绿化，病害指数较低。这些结果共同表明，VdOGDH参与了大麦弧菌的能量代谢，