The aim of this study was monitoring and surveillance in different wards of the PIMS hospital, Islamabad, to understand emerging challenges of antibiotic resistance in particular association with most virulent serotypes of Klebsiella pneumoniae. The study was conducted during March 2015 to September 2015. The study showed that rate of isolation of K. pneumoniae was 37% (103 positives out of a total of 277 clinical samples) and 7.7% (8) were phenotypically and genotypically confirmed to be metallo-β-lactamase resistant (carbapenem resistant) and all of them were multidrug resistant (MDR). These carbapenem-resistant isolates were isolated from blood, endotracheal tubes, and pus. Molecular screening for the presence of integrons indicated that distribution of class I integrons (87.5% of carbapenem-resistant K. pneumoniae isolates) was higher than class II integrons (1.25%) among given isolates. The study indicated that exposure of metallo-beta-lactamase-producing strains through hospitalizations increases the chances of spread of MDR pathogens. There is an urgent need for effective surveillance and monitoring strategies to control the spread of extremely resistant K. pneumoniae implicated in nosocomial infections leading to the increased health burden and enforcement of policy guideline on appropriate antibiotics usage.

中文翻译：

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来自巴基斯坦医院的产金属β-内酰胺酶的肺炎克雷伯菌的发生率。

这项研究的目的是在伊斯兰堡的PIMS医院的不同病房进行监测和监视，以了解新出现的抗生素耐药性挑战，特别是与肺炎克雷伯菌最强毒血清型相关联。该研究于2015年3月至2015年9月进行。研究表明K的分离率。肺炎表型和基因型分析表明，三聚体耐药率为37％（总共277个临床样品中有103阳性），而7.7％（8）被证实具有金属β-内酰胺酶耐药性（卡巴培南耐药性），并且所有患者均为多药耐药性（MDR）。从血液，气管导管和脓液中分离出这些抗碳青霉烯类的分离株。对于整合的存在分子筛选指示I类整合的该分发（耐碳青霉烯类的87.5％ķ。肺炎在给定的分离株中，其分离度高于II类整合素（1.25％）。该研究表明，住院期间暴露产生金属β-内酰胺酶的菌株会增加MDR病原体传播的机会。迫切需要有效的监视和监测策略来控制极度耐药的K的传播。肺炎涉及医院感染，导致健康负担增加，并执行了有关适当使用抗生素的政策指南。