Cancer as we know it is actually an umbrella term for over 100 very unique malignancies in various tissues throughout the human body. Each type, and even subtype of cancer, has different genetic, epigenetic, and other cellular events responsible for malignant development and metastasis. Recent work has indicated that microRNAs (miRNAs) play a major role in these processes, sometimes by promoting cancer growth and other times by suppressing tumorigenesis. miRNAs are small, noncoding RNAs that negatively regulate expression of specific target genes. This review goes into an in-depth look at the most recent finding regarding the significance of one particular miRNA, miR-146a-5p, and its involvement in cancer. Target gene validation and pathway analysis have provided mechanistic insight into this miRNA's purpose in assorted tissues. Additionally, this review outlines novel findings that suggest miR-146a-5p may be useful as a noninvasive biomarker and as a targeted therapeutic in several cancers. This article is categorized under: RNA in Disease and Development > RNA in Disease Regulatory RNAs/RNAi/Riboswitches > Regulatory RNAs.

中文翻译：

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miR-146a-5p：在癌症中的表达，调控和功能。

我们知道，癌症实际上是整个人体各种组织中100多种非常独特的恶性肿瘤的总称。每种类型的癌症，甚至是亚型的癌症，都有不同的遗传，表观遗传学和其他导致恶性发展和转移的细胞事件。最近的工作表明，微小RNA（miRNA）在这些过程中起主要作用，有时通过促进癌症生长而其他时候通过抑制肿瘤发生而发挥作用。miRNA是小的非编码RNA，可负面调节特定靶基因的表达。这篇综述深入探讨了关于一种特定的miRNA，miR-146a-5p及其在癌症中的重要性的最新发现。靶基因验证和途径分析为这种miRNA在各种组织中的用途提供了机械的见解。另外，这篇综述概述了一些新发现，这些发现表明miR-146a-5p可用作无创生物标志物和多种癌症的靶向治疗药物。本文归类于：疾病与发展中的RNA>疾病调节RNA / RNAi /核糖开关中的RNA>调节RNA。