Network medicine is a rapidly evolving new field of medical research, which combines principles and approaches of systems biology and network science, holding the promise to uncovering the causes and to revolutionize the diagnosis and treatments of human diseases. This new paradigm reflects the fact that human diseases are not caused by single molecular defects, but driven by complex interactions among a variety of molecular mediators. The complexity of these interactions embraces different types of information: from the cellular-molecular level of protein-protein interactions to correlational studies of gene expression and regulation, to metabolic and disease pathways up to drug-disease relationships. The analysis of these complex networks can reveal new disease genes and/or disease pathways and identify possible targets for new drug development, as well as new uses for existing drugs. In this review, we offer a comprehensive overview of network types and algorithms used in the framework of network medicine. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: Transcriptional Profiles and Regulatory Gene Networks edited by Dr. Dr. Federico Manuel Giorgi and Dr. Shaun Mahony.

中文翻译：

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医学的范式转变：对基于网络的方法的全面回顾。

网络医学是一个快速发展的医学研究新领域，它结合了系统生物学和网络科学的原理和方法，有望揭示病因并彻底改变人类疾病的诊断和治疗方法。这种新的范式反映了这样一个事实，即人类疾病并非由单个分子缺陷引起，而是由各种分子介体之间复杂的相互作用所驱动。这些相互作用的复杂性包含不同类型的信息：从蛋白质相互作用的细胞分子水平到基因表达和调控的相关研究，从代谢和疾病途径到药物-疾病的关系。对这些复杂网络的分析可以揭示新的疾病基因和/或疾病途径，并确定新药开发的可能靶标，以及现有药物的新用途。在这篇综述中，我们提供了网络医学框架中使用的网络类型和算法的全面概述。本文是由Federico Manuel Giorgi博士和Shaun Mahony博士编辑的题为：转录谱和调控基因网络的特刊的一部分。