当前位置: X-MOL 学术J. Biol. Eng. › 论文详情
Our official English website, www.x-mol.net, welcomes your feedback! (Note: you will need to create a separate account there.)
Modified substrate specificity of a methyltransferase domain by protein insertion into an adenylation domain of the bassianolide synthetase.
Journal of Biological Engineering ( IF 5.7 ) Pub Date : 2019-07-31 , DOI: 10.1186/s13036-019-0195-y
Fuchao Xu 1 , Russell Butler 2 , Kyle May 2 , Megi Rexhepaj 2 , Dayu Yu 1, 3 , Jiachen Zi 1 , Yi Chen 1 , Yonghong Liang 1, 4 , Jia Zeng 1 , Joan Hevel 2 , Jixun Zhan 1
Affiliation  

Background Creating designer molecules using a combination of select domains from polyketide synthases and/or nonribosomal peptide synthetases (NRPS) continues to be a synthetic goal. However, an incomplete understanding of how protein-protein interactions and dynamics affect each of the domain functions stands as a major obstacle in the field. Of particular interest is understanding the basis for a class of methyltransferase domains (MT) that are found embedded within the adenylation domain (A) of fungal NRPS systems instead of in an end-to-end architecture. Results The MT domain from bassianolide synthetase (BSLS) was removed and the truncated enzyme BSLS-ΔMT was recombinantly expressed. The biosynthesis of bassianolide was abolished and N-desmethylbassianolide was produced in low yields. Co-expression of BSLS-ΔMT with standalone MT did not recover bassianolide biosynthesis. In order to address the functional implications of the protein insertion, we characterized the N-methyltransferase activity of the MT domain as both the isolated domain (MTBSLS) and as part of the full NRPS megaenzyme. Surprisingly, the MTBSLS construct demonstrated a relaxed substrate specificity and preferentially methylated an amino acid (L-Phe-SNAC) that is rarely incorporated into the final product. By testing the preference of a series of MT constructs (BSLS, MTBSLS, cMT, XLcMT, and aMT) to L-Phe-SNAC and L-Leu-SNAC, we further showed that restricting and/or fixing the termini of the MTBSLS by crosslinking or embedding the MT within an A domain narrowed the substrate specificity of the methyltransferase toward L-Leu-SNAC, the preferred substrate for the BSLS megaenzyme. Conclusions The embedding of MT into the A2 domain of BSLS is not required for the product assembly, but is critical for the overall yields of the final products. The substrate specificity of MT is significantly affected by the protein context within which it is present. While A domains are known to be responsible for selecting and activating the biosynthetic precursors for NRPS systems, our results suggest that embedding the MT acts as a secondary gatekeeper for the assembly line. This work thus provides new insights into the embedded MT domain in NRPSs, which will facilitate further engineering of this type of biosynthetic machinery to create structural diversity in natural products.

中文翻译:

通过将蛋白质插入到basianolide合成酶的腺苷酸化结构域来修饰甲基转移酶结构域的底物特异性。

背景使用来自聚酮化合物合成酶和/或非核糖体肽合成酶(NRPS)的选择结构域的组合创建设计分子仍然是一个合成目标。然而,对蛋白质-蛋白质相互作用和动力学如何影响每个域功能的不完全理解是该领域的主要障碍。特别感兴趣的是了解一类甲基转移酶结构域 (MT) 的基础,这些结构域嵌入在真菌 NRPS 系统的腺苷酸化结构域 (A) 中,而不是在端到端架构中。结果去除了basianolide合成酶(BSLS)的MT结构域,重组表达了截短酶BSLS-ΔMT。取消了bassianolide的生物合成,N-去甲基bassianolide的产量很低。BSLS-ΔMT 与独立 MT 的共表达没有恢复巴西亚诺内酯的生物合成。为了解决蛋白质插入的功能影响,我们将 MT 结构域的 N-甲基转移酶活性表征为分离结构域 (MTBSLS) 和完整 NRPS 巨酶的一部分。令人惊讶的是,MTBSLS 构建体表现出宽松的底物特异性,并优先将很少掺入最终产物的氨基酸 (L-Phe-SNAC) 甲基化。通过测试一系列 MT 结构(BSLS、MTBSLS、cMT、XLcMT 和 aMT)对 L-Phe-SNAC 和 L-Leu-SNAC 的偏好,我们进一步表明通过以下方式限制和/或固定 MTBSLS 的末端在 A 结构域内交联或嵌入 MT 缩小了甲基转移酶对 L-Leu-SNAC 的底物特异性,BSLS 巨酶的首选底物。结论 将 MT 嵌入 BSLS 的 A2 域对于产品组装不是必需的,但对于最终产品的整体产量至关重要。MT 的底物特异性受其存在的蛋白质环境的显着影响。虽然已知 A 域负责选择和激活 NRPS 系统的生物合成前体,但我们的结果表明,嵌入 MT 充当装配线的二级看门人。因此,这项工作为 NRPS 中嵌入的 MT 域提供了新的见解,这将有助于进一步设计这种类型的生物合成机制,以在天然产物中创造结构多样性。结论 将 MT 嵌入 BSLS 的 A2 域对于产品组装不是必需的,但对于最终产品的整体产量至关重要。MT 的底物特异性受其存在的蛋白质环境的显着影响。虽然已知 A 域负责选择和激活 NRPS 系统的生物合成前体,但我们的结果表明,嵌入 MT 充当装配线的二级看门人。因此,这项工作为 NRPS 中嵌入的 MT 域提供了新的见解,这将有助于进一步设计这种类型的生物合成机制,以在天然产物中创造结构多样性。结论 将 MT 嵌入 BSLS 的 A2 域对于产品组装不是必需的,但对于最终产品的整体产量至关重要。MT 的底物特异性受其存在的蛋白质环境的显着影响。虽然已知 A 域负责选择和激活 NRPS 系统的生物合成前体,但我们的结果表明,嵌入 MT 充当装配线的二级看门人。因此,这项工作为 NRPS 中嵌入的 MT 域提供了新的见解,这将有助于进一步设计这种类型的生物合成机制,以在天然产物中创造结构多样性。MT 的底物特异性受其存在的蛋白质环境的显着影响。虽然已知 A 域负责选择和激活 NRPS 系统的生物合成前体,但我们的结果表明,嵌入 MT 充当装配线的二级看门人。因此,这项工作为 NRPS 中嵌入的 MT 域提供了新的见解,这将有助于进一步设计这种类型的生物合成机制,以在天然产物中创造结构多样性。MT 的底物特异性受其存在的蛋白质环境的显着影响。虽然已知 A 域负责选择和激活 NRPS 系统的生物合成前体,但我们的结果表明,嵌入 MT 充当装配线的二级看门人。因此,这项工作为 NRPS 中嵌入的 MT 域提供了新的见解,这将有助于进一步设计这种类型的生物合成机制,以在天然产物中创造结构多样性。
更新日期:2020-04-22
down
wechat
bug