MicroRNAs (miRs) regulate endometrial function and their dysregulation could underlie unexplained infertility in women. Ribonucleases including DICER and DROSHA, and the proteins, ARGONAUTE 1 (AGO 1) and 2 (AGO 2) regulate the biogenesis/maturation of miRs. We aimed to elucidate the expression and localization of miR biogenesis machinery components during the human menstrual cycle and compare their levels in endometrium from women with normal fertility and primary unexplained infertility. miR biogenesis components were measured by quantitative-RT-PCR and immunohistochemistry. In the endometrium of women with normal fertility, DROSHA immunolocalized maximally to the epithelium during the early and mid-secretory phases compared with the proliferative and late-secretory phases. Stromal DICER immunostaining intensity was higher in the late-secretory phase compared with all other phases in fertile women. DROSHA mRNA was reduced in the mid-secretory-infertile whole endometrial tissue (has all cells of the tissue), and primary epithelial and stromal cells while no differences were found in DICER, AGO1, and AGO2 mRNA. In the luminal epithelium, DROSHA staining intensity was reduced in early and mid-secretory-infertile while DICER staining was reduced in the early secretory-infertile compared with their respective fertile groups. DICER and DROSHA were dynamically regulated across the menstrual cycle and reduced levels during receptivity phase could underlie implantation failure/infertility.

中文翻译：

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MicroRNA生物发生机制在不育妇女的子宫内膜失调，提示其在接受性和不育中的作用。

MicroRNA（miRs）调节子宫内膜功能，其失调可能是女性无法解释的不孕症的原因。核糖核酸酶包括DICER和DROSHA，以及蛋白质ARGONAUTE 1（AGO 1）和2（AGO 2）调节miRs的生物发生/成熟。我们旨在阐明人类月经周期中miR生物发生机制成分的表达和定位，并比较正常生育率和原发性原因不明的女性子宫内膜的水平。通过定量RT-PCR和免疫组织化学测量miR生物发生成分。在生育能力正常的妇女的子宫内膜中，与增生和分泌后期相比，DROSHA在分泌初期和分泌中期达到最大免疫定位于上皮细胞。与可育妇女的所有其他阶段相比，分泌后期的基质DICER免疫染色强度更高。在分泌性不孕症的整个子宫内膜组织（具有组织的所有细胞）以及原代上皮和基质细胞中，DROSHA mRNA降低，而在DICER，AGO1和AGO2 mRNA中未发现差异。与各自的可育组相比，在腔上皮中，分泌早期和中期不孕的DROSHA染色强度降低，而分泌早期不育中的DICER染色降低。DICER和DROSHA在整个月经周期受到动态调节，在接受阶段降低的水平可能是植入失败/不育的基础。在分泌性不孕症的整个子宫内膜组织（具有组织的所有细胞）以及原代上皮和基质细胞中，DROSHA mRNA降低，而在DICER，AGO1和AGO2 mRNA中未发现差异。与各自的可育组相比，在腔上皮中，分泌早期和中期不孕的DROSHA染色强度降低，而分泌早期不育中的DICER染色降低。DICER和DROSHA在整个月经周期受到动态调节，在接受阶段降低的水平可能是植入失败/不育的基础。在分泌性不孕症的整个子宫内膜组织（具有组织的所有细胞）以及原代上皮和基质细胞中，DROSHA mRNA降低，而在DICER，AGO1和AGO2 mRNA中未发现差异。与各自的可育组相比，在腔上皮中，分泌早期和中期不孕的DROSHA染色强度降低，而分泌早期不育中的DICER染色降低。DICER和DROSHA在整个月经周期受到动态调节，在接受阶段降低的水平可能是植入失败/不育的基础。与它们各自的可育组相比，分泌早期和中期不孕的DROSHA染色强度降低，而分泌早期不孕的DICER染色降低。DICER和DROSHA在整个月经周期受到动态调节，在接受阶段降低的水平可能是植入失败/不育的基础。与它们各自的可育组相比，分泌早期和中期不孕的DROSHA染色强度降低，而分泌早期不孕的DICER染色降低。DICER和DROSHA在整个月经周期受到动态调节，在接受阶段降低的水平可能是植入失败/不育的基础。