The objective of this research was to describe the organization and connectivity of the working memory (WM) and executive control (EC) networks in Ateles geoffroyi in resting-state conditions. Recent studies have shown that resting-state activity may underlie rudimentary brain functioning, showing that several brain regions can be tonically active at rest, maximizing the efficiency of information transfer while preserving a low physical connection cost. Whole-brain resting-state images were acquired from three healthy adult Ateles monkeys (2 females, 1 male; mean age 10.5 ± SD 2.5 years). Data were analyzed with independent component analysis, and results were grouped together using the GIFT software. The present study compared the EC and WM networks obtained with human data and with results found in the literature in other primate species. Nine resting-state networks were found, which were similar to resting networks found in healthy human adults in the prefrontal basal portion and frontopolar area. Additionally, components of the WM network were found to be extending into the hypothalamus and the olfactory areas. A key finding was the discovery of connections in the WM and EC networks to the hypothalamus, the motor cortex, and the entorhinal cortex, suggesting that information is integrated from larger brain areas. The correlated areas suggest that many elements of WM and EC may be conserved across primate species. Characterization of these networks in resting-state conditions in nonhuman primate brains is a fundamental prerequisite for understanding of the neural bases underlying the evolution and function of this cognitive system.

中文翻译：

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Ateles geoffroyi中的大脑连通性：工作记忆和执行控制的静止状态功能磁共振成像。

这项研究的目的是描述静止状态下Ateles geoffroyi中工作记忆（WM）和执行控制（EC）网络的组织和连通性。最近的研究表明，静止状态的活动可能是基本的大脑功能的基础，这表明几个大脑区域在静止时可以活跃地调音，从而在保持较低的物理连接成本的同时最大程度地提高了信息传输的效率。从三只健康的成年Ateles猴子（2只雌性，1只雄性；平均年龄10.5±SD 2.5岁）获得全脑静止状态图像。使用独立的成分分析法分析数据，并使用GIFT软件将结果分组在一起。本研究将获得的EC和WM网络与人类数据以及其他灵长类动物文献中的结果进行了比较。发现了九个静止状态网络，类似于在健康人类成年人的额叶前额基底部分和额极区中发现的静止网络。此外，发现WM网络的组件延伸到下丘脑和嗅觉区域。一个重要发现是在WM和EC网络中发现了下丘脑，运动皮层和内嗅皮层的连接，这表明信息是从较大的大脑区域整合而来的。相关区域表明，WM和EC的许多元素在灵长类动物中可能是保守的。在非人类灵长类动物大脑的静止状态下，这些网络的表征是理解该认知系统的进化和功能所依据的神经基础的基本前提。这与健康的成年人在额叶前额基底部分和额极区中发现的休息网络相似。此外，发现WM网络的组件延伸到下丘脑和嗅觉区域。一个重要发现是在WM和EC网络中发现了下丘脑，运动皮层和内嗅皮层的连接，这表明信息是从较大的大脑区域整合而来的。相关区域表明，WM和EC的许多元素在灵长类动物中可能是保守的。在非人类灵长类动物大脑的静止状态下，这些网络的表征是理解该认知系统的进化和功能所依据的神经基础的基本前提。这与健康的成年人在额叶前额基底部分和额极区中发现的休息网络相似。此外，发现WM网络的组件延伸到下丘脑和嗅觉区域。一个重要发现是在WM和EC网络中发现了下丘脑，运动皮层和内嗅皮层的连接，这表明信息是从较大的大脑区域整合而来的。相关区域表明，WM和EC的许多元素在灵长类动物中可能是保守的。在非人类灵长类动物大脑的静止状态下，这些网络的表征是理解该认知系统的进化和功能所依据的神经基础的基本前提。