The rates of obesity and its related comorbidities have increased substantially over the last 30 years, with approximately 35% of all US adults now classified as obese. Whilst the causes of obesity are both complex and multifactorial, one contributor is a reduction in leisure time physical activity, with no concurrent reduction in energy intake. Physical activity interventions have been demonstrated to promote fat loss, yet more than 50% of US adults undertake no leisure time physical activity at all, with a lack of time and enjoyment often cited as the main drivers of rising inactivity levels. Furthermore, recent evidence has demonstrated that a sub-group of individuals may experience no improvement in a given fitness or health-related measure following a specific training programme, suggesting that there may be optimal exercise types for different groups of individuals. In this paper, we introduce the concept of exercise response efficiency, whereby individuals are matched to the training type from which they are most likely to derive the greatest improvements for the least time commitment. We propose that a more precise targeting of exercise interventions is likely to drive more rapid improvements in health, thereby promoting exercise adherence and enjoyment, whilst simultaneously reducing obesity and mortality risks. Such an innovation would, we suggest, confer important public health benefits.

中文翻译：

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运动反应效率：增强人口健康的新方法？

在过去的 30 年中，肥胖及其相关合并症的发病率大幅增加，现在约有 35% 的美国成年人被归类为肥胖。虽然肥胖的原因既复杂又是多方面的，其中一个原因是休闲时间的体育活动减少，但并没有同时减少能量摄入。体育活动干预已被证明可以促进脂肪减少，但超过 50% 的美国成年人根本不进行闲暇时间的体育活动，缺乏时间和享受通常被认为是不活动水平上升的主要驱动因素。此外，最近的证据表明，在特定的训练计划之后，一部分人在特定的体能或健康相关措施方面可能没有任何改善，表明可能存在适合不同人群的最佳运动类型。在本文中，我们引入了运动反应效率的概念，即个人与最有可能以最少的时间获得最大改进的训练类型相匹配。我们建议更精确地针对运动干预措施可能会推动健康的更快改善，从而促进运动的坚持和享受，同时降低肥胖和死亡风险。我们建议，这样的创新将赋予重要的公共健康益处。从而使个人与最有可能以最少的时间获得最大改进的培训类型相匹配。我们建议更精确地针对运动干预措施可能会推动健康的更快改善，从而促进运动的坚持和享受，同时降低肥胖和死亡风险。我们建议，这样的创新将赋予重要的公共健康益处。从而使个人与最有可能以最少的时间获得最大改进的培训类型相匹配。我们建议更精确地针对运动干预措施可能会推动健康的更快改善，从而促进运动的坚持和享受，同时降低肥胖和死亡风险。我们建议，这样的创新将赋予重要的公共健康益处。