The oilfield soil was contaminated for years by large quantities of aged oil sludge generated in the petroleum industry. In this study, physicochemical properties, contents of main pollutants, and fungal diversity of the aged oil sludge-contaminated soil were analyzed. Results revealed that aged oil sludge significantly changed physical and chemical properties of the receiving soil and increased the contents of main pollutants (petroleum hydrocarbons and heavy metals) in soil. Meanwhile, the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) sequencing by Illumina Miseq platform at each taxonomic level demonstrated that the toxicological effect of oil pollutants obviously influenced the fungal diversity and community structure in soil. Moreover, it was found that the presence of three genera (Cephalotheca, Lecanicillium, and Septoriella) appeared in aged oil sludge-contaminated soil. And oil pollutants promoted the growth of certain genera in Ascomycota (70.83%) and Basidiomycota (10.78%), such as Venturia, Alternaria, and Piloderma. Nevertheless, the growth of Mortierella (9.16%), Emericella (6.02%), and Bjerkandera (0.00%) was intensively limited. This study would aid thorough understanding of microbial diversity in oil-contaminated soil and thus provide new point of view to soil bioremediation.

中文翻译：

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高通量测序分析揭示了老化的油泥对土壤理化性质和真菌多样性的影响。

多年来，石油工业中产生的大量老化油污污染了土壤。本研究分析了老化的油泥污染土壤的理化特性，主要污染物的含量以及真菌的多样性。结果表明，老化的油泥显着改变了接收土壤的物理和化学性质，并增加了土壤中主要污染物（石油碳氢化合物和重金属）的含量。同时，通过Illumina Miseq平台在每个分类学级别上的内部转录间隔物（ITS）测序表明，油污染物的毒理作用明显影响土壤中的真菌多样性和群落结构。此外，还发现存在三个属（头足类，Lecanicillium和Septoriella出现在陈旧的油泥污染的土壤中。和油污染物促进某些属的生长在子囊菌（70.83％）和担子菌门（10.78％），如黑星菌属，链格孢，和Piloderma。尽管如此，Mortierella（9.16％），Emericella（6.02％）和Bjerkandera（0.00％）的增长受到严重限制。这项研究将有助于彻底了解油污染土壤中的微生物多样性，从而为土壤生物修复提供新的观点。