The chicken is an exemplar of efficient intensive animal agriculture and provides two valuable food products, chicken meat and eggs. Only aquaculture is better, by efficiency, but poultry is still top, by mass of animal protein produced as food in the global context. However this efficiency and intensive production comes with a number of challenges. Though the genetics of selective breeding have led to dramatic improvements in yield, efficiency and product quality, traits that relate to disease and welfare outcomes have not been so tractable. These two issues are major impacts to the industry in terms of production and in terms of public perception. Both transgenic technology and genome editing have clear potential for impact in these two important areas. The reproductive biology of birds requires techniques very specific to birds to achieve heritable (germline) edited traits. These are quite involved and, even though they are now well-defined and reliable, there is room for improvement and advances can be expected in the future. Currently the key targets for this technology are modifying chicken genes involved in virus-receptor interactions and cellular response involved in infection. For the egg industry the technology is being applied to the issue of sex-selection for layer hens (and the removal of males), removal of allergens from egg white and the tailoring of eggs system to enhance the yield of influenza vaccine doses. Regulation and trading of the animals generated, and resulting food products, will significantly impact the value and future development of genome editing for poultry.

中文翻译：

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基因编辑对家禽养殖未来的潜在好处。

鸡是高效集约化农业的典范，提供两种有价值的食品：鸡肉和鸡蛋。在全球范围内，就效率而言，只有水产养殖才能更好，但就粮食生产的动物蛋白质量而言，家禽仍是头号。但是，这种效率和集约化生产面临许多挑战。尽管选择性育种的遗传学已大大提高了产量，效率和产品质量，但与疾病和福利成果相关的性状并非那么容易处理。这两个问题在生产和公众认知方面都对行业产生重大影响。转基因技术和基因组编辑在这两个重要领域都具有明显的影响潜力。鸟类的生殖生物学需要非常特定于鸟类的技术，以实现遗传（生殖系）编辑的性状。这些都涉及很多，即使它们现在定义明确且可靠，但仍有改进的空间，并且可以预期将来会有所进步。目前，这项技术的主要目标是修饰参与病毒-受体相互作用的鸡基因和涉及感染的细胞反应。对于蛋品行业，该技术已应用于蛋鸡的性别选择（和雄性蛋鸡的去除），蛋清中的过敏原的去除以及蛋品系统的定制，以提高流感疫苗剂量的产量。所产生的动物以及由此产生的食品的监管和交易将极大地影响家禽基因组编辑的价值和未来发展。